The invention relates to a system for feeding a coal mine solid filling material. The system comprises a filling control chamber, a gangue material bin, a coal ash material bin, a feeding pipe, an underground closed chamber, an impact resistance buffering device, an underground material bin and an underground conveying system, wherein the impact resistance buffering device is positioned at the bottom of the underground closed chamber; the feeding pipe is connected with the underground material bin through the underground closed chamber; the underground material bin is connected with the underground conveying system; the underground conveying system comprises a conveying passage and a conveyer; the conveyer is connected to a filling point; the feeding pipe consists of a protection hole wall steel pipe and a double-layer anti-abrasion pipe; a ceramic anti-abrasion pipe is sleeved on a shrinkage wall at the bottom of the underground material bin; and an outwards discharging type air guide hose is arranged at the upper opening of the underground material bin. According to the system, a large-aperture perpendicular feeding pipe is used for feeding the material, so that the feeding capacity of the filling material is improved, and a filling effect and the safety are improved; by the umbrella-shaped impact resistance buffering device, falling impact force of the filling material can be relieved; the compactness of the filling material in the bin can be reduced; and the bins can be prevented from being plugged.