The invention discloses a method for preparing a foamed ceramic thermal insulation material with low energy consumption by using fluorocarbon cerium type rare earth tailings and a product, belongs to the field of building material preparation, and aims to solve the problems that the existing metal tailings are usually stacked, occupy a large amount of land and cause environmental pollution. The method comprises the following steps: by taking the bastnaesite type rare earth tailings, kaolin, quartz and a foaming agent as raw materials, weighing the components according to a ratio, uniformly mixing, sequentially carrying out wet ball milling, drying, forming and sintering, and cooling along with a furnace. In the application, on one hand, the waste fluorocarbon cerium type rare earth tailings are used as the main raw material, so that the raw material cost is reduced; on the other hand, the sintering temperature is reduced, the preparation energy consumption of the foamed ceramic thermal insulation material is reduced, and the production cost is reduced; and the preparation method has remarkable progressive significance in reducing the preparation cost of the foamed ceramic thermal insulation material, and is beneficial to promoting the popularization and application of the foamed ceramic thermal insulation material.