100results about How to "Prevent over-charging" patented technology

The present invention provides an efficiency booster circuit and accompanying switch mode power conversion technique to efficiently capture the power generated from a solar cell array that would normally have been lost, for example, under reduced incident solar radiation. In an embodiment of the invention, the efficiency booster circuit generates an output current from the solar cell power source using a switch mode power converter. A control loop is closed around the input voltage to the converter circuit and not around the output voltage. The output voltage is allowed to float, being clamped by the loading conditions. If the outputs from multiple units are tied together, the currents will sum. If the output(s) are connected to a battery, the battery's potential will clamp the voltage during charge. This technique allows all solar cells in an array that are producing power and connected in parallel to work at their peak efficiency.

A method of host development is based on paying the writer of free content through advertising revenue sharing. Steps include receiving an advertisement, which is paid content, from an advertiser; receiving non-paid content subject to a condition that the provider may receive no compensation for the non-paid content; combining the paid content and the non-paid content on a content page; registering a user to interact with the content page; sending the content page for display on a computer operated by the user; calculating a number equaling all interactions of the user with the paid content; receiving payment from the advertiser for said number; and paying the provider based on a fraction of the payment.

An adjustable alarm device for windows and doors is installed between the door or window frame and the door or window sash. The longitudinal axis of the alarm device is preferably horizontal. When engaged, movement of the door or window in an open direction will activate the alarm. The body of the alarm device is elongate, tubular and telescoping. The body comprises an outer tube that receives an inner tube. The body of the alarm device may be locked in an extended position by way of a cam mounted on the inner tube and positioned within the body so that when the inner and outer tubes of the body are twisted about their longitudinal axis, the cam body will engage the inner surface of the outer tube in a releasable frictional locking engagement. The alarm device is coupled to one end of the inner tube.

The method of controlling rechargeable battery power is a method that includes limiting the amount of usable power during rechargeable battery charging and discharging, determining a rechargeable battery current-voltage characteristic function based on rechargeable battery charging and discharging current flow and voltage, finding a limiting discharging current I_max and/or a limiting charging current I_min from a prescribed minimum voltage V_min to prevent over-discharging and/or a prescribed maximum voltage V_max to prevent over-charging and their intersection with the current-voltage characteristic function, and controlling current such that discharging current greater than or equal to I_max and/or charging current less than or equal to I_min does not flow through the rechargeable batteries. In this fashion, the amount of usable power can be limited considering factors such as the memory effect, and the rechargeable battery can be used to its maximum capability within the range of safe operation.

The present invention relates to a switch driving circuit and a driving method thereof.

The switch driving circuit according to the present invention is supplied with a first voltage and a second voltage, is driven by a voltage difference between the first and second voltages, controls a switching operation of a power switch according to a switch driving control signal, generates a sense voltage corresponding to the second voltage, compares a predetermined reference voltage with the sense voltage, and stops the switching operation of the power switch according to the comparison result.

A battery-powered runway-based aircraft identification system includes a frangibly mounted image capture and communication subsystem adjacent to an airport runway. A power supply subsystem adjacent to the frangibly mounted image capture and communication subsystem is operably coupled to the frangibly mounted image capture and communication subsystem and configured to controllably supply electrical power to the frangibly mounted image capture and communication subsystem. The power supply subsystem includes at least one frangibly mounted solar panel operably coupled to a deep cycle battery and charge controller. A remote base station configured for wireless communication with the frangibly mounted image capture and communication subsystem monitors charge status of the battery and determines an aircraft identification from the frangibly mounted image capture and communication subsystem.

A charger assembly 10 for use with a battery assembly 22. Charger assembly 10 includes a member 50 which is selectively and removably insertable into a conventional electrical power outlet, effective to allow electrical power to be communicated to the charger assembly 10. The communicated electrical power is selectively transferred to the battery assembly 22, effective to substantially and fully charge the battery assembly 22 in a manner which substantially reduces the likelihood of overcharging and in a manner which selectively allows a "float" voltage or "trickle charge" to be provided to the battery assembly 22.

There are disclosed a non-aqueous electrolyte which comprises a non-aqueous organic solvent and a lithium salt, and further contains a compound represented by the following formula (I): wherein X represents -O-, -S-, -CO- or -SO2, Y represents a single bond, -CH2-, -CH2-CH2-, -CH=CH- or -CO- and R<1 >to R<8 >each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a phenyl group, or a halogen group, provided that X and Y do not represent -CO- at the same time..

A solar hydrogen generation system is disclosed that efficiently utilizes photovoltaic cells, storage batteries, and electrolyzers to generate hydrogen from the sun by direct coupling of these components. The system mutually arranges the photovoltaic cells, batteries, and electrolyzers in series, and the series components in parallel. The arrangement allows the voltages of the photovoltaic cells, batteries, and electrolyzers to match each other for optimal performance. The invention further provides for continuous hydrogen generation, even through the night or periods of low solar flux, and a system for preventing the overcharging of the batteries.

In a control device of a hybrid vehicle provided with an engine and a propulsion motor, at least one of which is used for driving the hybrid vehicle and a high voltage battery which power is charged and discharged by driving or regeneration operation of a propulsion motor, the control device comprises a throttle opening control device which controls an opening of a throttle depending on an accelerator pedal operating amount, and when the current driving speed of the vehicle at zero, and either the temperature of the high voltage battery is lower than a specified value, or the internal resistance of the high voltage battery is greater than a specified value, or an increase in a rotation speed of the propulsion motor or the rotation speed of the engine 3 is greater than a specified value, or a change amount of the input/output power voltage of the high voltage battery is greater than a specified value, or a change amount of the accelerator pedal operating amount is greater than a specified value, delays the response characteristic of the throttle opening with respect to the accelerator pedal operating amount more than for a standard control, and also performs control in which the upper limit value thereof is limited.

Power management circuitry (7-2,3,4) for converting a harvested voltage (V_hrv) to an output voltage (V_BAT) applied to a battery (6) includes an inductor (L0) having a first terminal (3) coupled to receive the harvested voltage (V_hrv) and a second terminal coupled to a first terminal of a first switch (S0). The power management circuitry transfers the current generated by an energy harvester (2) to the battery if it (6) is not fully charged, and shunts the current away from the battery (6) to avoid overcharging if it is fully charged.

A spotlight having pivotable locking handle, a rechargeable battery connected to a light bulb, housed in a housing, including an on/off switch and a variable switch varying the amount of current powering the light bulb thereby providing for a generally infinite adjustment of light intensity within a designated range.

The power supply apparatus is directed to enable a battery to be properly controlled for charging/discharging.

A detection unit 21 detects battery voltage V, battery current I and battery ambient temperature T. A battery capacity calculation device 23 and a discharging rate calculation unit 25 estimate battery capacity and discharging rate respectively. A discharge-allowable-duration calculation unit 26 calculates discharge-allowable-duration. This discharge-allowable-duration is used for restriction the discharge-duration of the battery 6. The battery 6 is charged with the output of the generator. Charging current is restricted in accordance with upper-limit-charging-current that is calculated in an upper-limit-charging-current calculation unit 27.

A protection circuit of a secondary battery includes a thermal switching element which has an resistance that decreases along with increase of temperature and which is connected in parallel with the secondary battery.

In a hybrid vehicle including an engine; a generator for generating electrical power from the engine; a battery charged with electrical power generated by the generator; and a motor driven by electrical power generated by the generator or by electrical power output by the battery, and with a view to reducing energy consumption from the battery without using complicated control operations while preventing overcharging of the battery, the hybrid vehicle further includes a motoring control unit for starting motoring, i.e., mechanical driving of the engine, in addition to regenerative power generation when a state of charge of the battery reaches a first set value and stopping the motoring of the engine when the state of charge of the battery reaches a second set value. A battery management unit is also provided for starting power generation from the engine when a state of charge of the battery becomes higher than a third set value and stopping the engine when the state of charge of the battery reaches a fourth set value. Engine motoring control during regeneration and control of power generation by the engine can be separately performed.

Arrangement for providing a boosted signal from a signal-generating device, such as a SAW device or an RFID tag, including an antenna and a circulator having a first port connected to the antenna to receive a signal therefrom and a second port connectable to the device to provide a signal thereto and receive a signal therefrom. The circulator amplifies the signal from the antenna and the signal received from the device such that a twice-amplified signal is directed to the antenna. A receiving and processing module transmits a signal to the antenna causing the antenna to generate its signal and receive a signal from the antenna derived from the twice-amplified signal. Various pumping systems for vehicle tires and electricity generating systems which generate energy upon rotation of a tire are also disclosed.