60results about How to "With heating" patented technology

The invention discloses an electro-deposition clamp which comprises a support and at least one electrode clamping set. Each electrode clamping set comprises two electrode clamping assemblies, wherein the corresponding electrode clamping assemblies are used for bearing corresponding electrode plates. Each electrode clamping assembly is provided with a sliding block and assembled on the support in a sliding manner, so that in the same electrode clamping set, when one or two of the electrode clamping assemblies is / are slid relative to the support, the distance between the electrode plates borne on the two electrode clamping assemblies becomes large or becomes small. A position fixing mechanism used for fixing the position of each electrode clamping assembly on the support after the electrode clamping assembly is adjusted in place on the support is arranged between the electrode clamping assembly and the support. The distance between every two electrode plates can be adjusted conveniently, and therefore manpower can be reduced, reaction conditions are met, and the electro-deposition efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses a reaction kettle which comprises a kettle body, wherein a heat-transfer medium is arranged outside the kettle body; and the reaction kettle also comprises a heating assembly for heating the heat-transfer medium and indirectly controlling the heating temperature in the kettle body. According to the reaction kettle disclosed by the invention, the temperature in the reaction kettle can be randomly adjusted, so that human labor is reduced, reaction conditions are met, and the electrodeposition efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to a solar semiconductor air conditioning driving vehicle cabin, which comprises a vehicle cabin, a solar panel, a controller, a semiconductor refrigeration sheet and a heat radiation fin, wherein a plurality of square holes are arranged on the top of the vehicle cabin, a heat conduction plate is arranged on the inner wall on the top of the vehicle cabin, the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is placed in the square holes and is connected with the heat conduction plate, the heat radiation fin is arranged above the semiconductor refrigeration sheet, the solar panel is arranged on the top of the vehicle cabin and is connected with the controller through a conducting wire, a switch device is arranged on the controller, and the controller controls the semiconductor refrigeration sheet to realize the refrigeration or the heat generation. The solar semiconductor air conditioning driving vehicle cabin solves the problem that the refrigeration and the heat generation on the vehicle cabin in the prior art cannot be carried out by using environment-protection energy sources. The solar energy is used for supplying electricity for the semiconductor refrigeration sheet, and further, the refrigeration and the heat generation to the inside of the vehicle cabin are realized.

A fuel cell system, comprising a reforming part, a material supply part for reforming part, a water supply part for reforming part, a fuel cell, a burner for the reforming part, an air supply part for the burner, a fuel supply part for the burner, a fuel supply route for supplying the fuel and the off gas from the fuel cell to the burner, a flametight part installed in the fuel supply route, and a heating means for heating the flametight part to stop a backfire without closing the fuel supply route.

The invention provides an ultrathin overall kitchen air conditioner. The ultrathin overall kitchen air conditioner comprises a shell; the internal of the shell is divided into an evaporation side anda condensation side; a horizontal compressor, a condenser and a direct-current condensation centrifugal fan are mounted on the condensation side; an evaporator, an alternating-current evaporation centrifugal fan and a direct-current power supply are mounted on the evaporation side; the evaporator is connected with the horizontal compressor through an air return pipe; the alternating-current evaporation centrifugal fan is connected with the evaporator; the direct-current power supply is connected with a direct-current condensation centrifugal fan; a water storage box is mounted at the lower part of the evaporator; a drainage pump is arranged in the water storage box; first and second triggers are arranged in the water storage box; the first trigger is lower than a liquid level of the secondtrigger; when a water level of the water storage box exceeds the first trigger, the drainage pump is started for drainage; and when the water level exceeds the second trigger, the compressor is stopped operating, and an alarm prompt is displayed on a controller. The overall kitchen air conditioner is compact in internal structure, can reach the total thickness of below 200 mm, and meanwhile, caneffectively prevent the internal water leakage condition.

The invention discloses an ice slurry cold water heat pump unit which is characterized by comprising a refrigeration compressor (1), a condenser (2), an expansion valve (3) and an ice slurry cold water generator (4), wherein an outlet of the refrigeration compressor (1) is connected with a refrigerant inlet of the condenser (2); a refrigerant outlet of the condenser (2) is connected with an inlet of the expansion valve (3); an outlet of the expansion valve (3) is connected with a refrigerant inlet of the ice slurry cold water generator (4); and a refrigerant outlet of the ice slurry cold water generator (4) is connected with an inlet of the refrigeration compressor (1). Like a common cold water unit, the ice slurry cold water heat pump unit is capable of supplying low-temperature solution to end equipment of closed air conditioning systems and capable of evaporating the accumulated cold of closed storage tanks for ice slurry making or directly supplying ice slurry to the end equipment of the closed air conditioning systems, so that the change of building air conditioners can be facilitated and the ice slurry cold water heat pump unit has the advantages of low investment and high efficiency.

A vehicle-mounted heating vacuum cup comprises a base, a cup and a control circuit. The base is used for placing the cup and supplying power to the cup. The base is provided with an interface connected with an automobile power supply. The cup comprises a cup body and a cup cover. The cup body is provided with a heating control resistor and a heat insulation control resistor. The heat insulation control resistor is used for controlling the heat insulation temperature of the cup, the heating control resistor is used for controlling the maximum temperature of water during heating, and the two resistors are thermistors. The bottom of the cup body is provided with a heating wire and an interface connected with a base power supply. The cup cover is provided with a safety vent hole. When the air pressure in the cup is standard atmosphere pressure, the safety vent hole is in a sealed state. Only when the air pressure in the cup is higher than the standard atmosphere pressure by a certain degree can the safety vent hole be opened. The vehicle-mounted heating vacuum cup has the advantages of heating, heat insulation and safety and the like.

The invention provides a car air conditioning system. The car air conditioning system is characterized by comprising a power supply, a semiconductor hot and cold exchanger, an air blower, a first copper pipe, a second copper pipe, a third copper pipe, a first check valve, a second check valve, a third check valve and a control part, wherein the power supply is used for supplying powder for the car air conditioning system; the semiconductor hot and cold exchanger is provided with a first fin and a second fin which are oppositely arranged; the air blower is arranged in a ventilating pipeline; the first copper pipe is wound on the first fin; the second copper pipe is wound on the second fin; the third copper pipe is connected with the inlet ends of the first copper pipe and the second copper pipe; the first check valve is arranged at the inlet end of the first copper pipe; the second check valve is arranged at the inlet end of the second copper pipe; the third check valve is arranged at the inlet end of the third copper pipe; and the control part is used for controlling the transformation of refrigeration and heating of the first fin, controlling starting or closing of the semiconductor hot and cold exchanger and the air blower, and controlling respective opening or closing of the first check valve, the second check valve and the third check valve. According to the car air conditioning system, an air conditioning system of integrating the refrigeration and heating and defrosting is realized, and a car indoor heat island phenomenon in summer is solved.

The invention discloses a heating type wrist guard smart watch with a health care function, relating to the technical field of smart watches. The watch specifically comprises a dial, massage mechanisms, a watch base and a watchband. A display screen is mounted on one side of the upper surface of the dial; a control panel is arranged on the other side of the upper surface of the dial; the massage mechanisms are arranged on the lower surface of the dial at equal intervals; a watch base is arranged below the dial; the watchband is adhered to the bottom of the watch base; the massage mechanism comprises a fixing rod base, a hollow cylinder, a driver, a rotating shaft, a rubber hollow ball and a magnetic ball, the hollow cylinder is fixed to the bottom end of the fixing rod base, the driver isinstalled on the upper portion of the interior of the hollow cylinder, the top end of the driver is fixed to the bottom surface of the fixing rod base, and the rubber hollow ball is fixed to the bottom end of the rotating shaft. The heating type wrist guard smart watch with the health care function has the massage health care function, can heat the wrist, and has a good protection effect on the wrist.

The invention discloses a production method of purple skin black garlic. The purple skin black garlic with unique effects is produced through a series of treatment fermentation purple skin garlic according to a Maillard reaction mechanism; and compared with white skin black garlic, the purple skin black garlic has the advantages of high bacteriostatic activity, obvious ageing resistance and high nutritional components. An alliin component is well reserved through microwave enzyme deactivation treatment in order to further enhance the health effects of black garlic. The purple skin garlic is used to produce black garlic, and resource advantages of local raw materials in Shanxi and Gansu are fully utilized to produce the product with high added values, so direct selling of the local garlic becomes deep processing and selling, and the method is of great significance to promote the local economy development; and additionally, the production of the purple skin black garlic increases the kind of black garlic series, and the preponderant nutrition efficacy of the purple skin black garlic is of great significance in the field of green health foods.

The invention provides a cold region earth-rock dam anti-frost-heaving structure and further provides a construction method of the cold region earth-rock dam anti-frost-heaving structure. A slope protecting structure and a novel anti-frost-heaving structure are arranged along the upstream dam slope. The slope protecting structure comprises cast-in-place concrete structures, sand gravel cushion layers and geomembranes which are laid at the dam bottom and the dam top correspondingly. The novel anti-frost-heaving structure comprises a tempered glass heating plate, a photovoltaic cell panel, an LED light-emitting indicator layer, a solar charger, a storage battery, light-controlled heating switches, a basic stratum, a reinforced concrete wall and pre-embedded steel bars. The cold region earth-rock dam anti-frost-heaving structure has the beneficial effects that the novel anti-frost-heaving structure is utilized for heating and warning to achieve the anti-frost-heaving effect, and comparedwith a conventional earth-rock dam anti-frost-heaving structure, the characteristics of good anti-frost-heaving effect and the like are achieved.

The invention discloses a multifunctional plant breeding vehicle which is formed by combining a box body arranged on the upper portion of the vehicle and a cart arranged on the lower portion of the vehicle. The box body is a transparent body with a cover and without the bottom, a support of the box body is formed by a plurality of vertical columns and a plurality of transverse columns, transparent sliding doors are arranged around the periphery of the box body, and invisible screen windows are assembled around the inner side of the box body. a spraying system is arranged on the top transverse columns, the vertical columns are provided with lighting devices, the top of the cart is provided with a trough, positive temperature coefficient (PTC) temperature self-limiting heating pieces are paved on the bottom surface and the periphery of the trough, the cart is further provided with a lower-layer partition plate for storing a control device, and the bottom of the cart is provided with universal wheels. The multifunctional plant breeding vehicle has multiple functions of warming, humidification, illumination and the like simultaneously, is convenient to move, can be freely moved out of the door or into the door according to weather changes so as to supplement light or temperature, and is suitable for plant breeding in a glass greenhouse, indoors or outdoors.

The invention discloses a multifunctional polyethylene (PE) water supply pipe. The multifunctional PE water supply pipe comprises a PE pipe. The PE pipe comprises an outer layer, middle supporting frames and an inner layer. The middle supporting frames are supported between the outer layer and the inner layer in the mode that plastic strips intersect to form a star-shaped structure; an interval of 4-6 mm is formed between the inner layer and the outer layer; the multiple middle supporting frames are arranged in the length direction of the PE pipe; a filtering net is arranged in the center of the middle supporting frames and connected to one sides of the middle supporting frames through thread structures. In this way, the multifunctional PE water supply pipe has various functions of sterilization, filtering and heating, is suitable for secondary filtering of domestic drinking water and has the anti-freezing and anti-cracking functions at the same time.

The invention discloses a solar warming, water-heating, refrigeration and illumination device. The device uses photovoltaic power generated by a solar photovoltaic-photothermal heat collector as drive energy, supplies afterheat generated by the heat collector to a room for warming in a hot air conduction way by a direct-current electric fan and generates hot water by a heat exchanger at the same time; when refrigeration is required, the electric power stored and being generated is used as motive power to start the operation of a refrigeration-heating system, and the generated cold or heat is released or stored; and when illumination is required, a power source stored in a battery can be supplied to a light-emitting diode (LED) which emits light, so that the aim of illumination is fulfilled. The device solves the energy source problem of areas without electric power or sites which have the electric power but needs energy conservation. Areas with plenty sunlight are ideal markets of the device.

A laser diode assembly is designed in order to solve the following technical problems: the printed circuit substrates of the existing laser diode assemblies are liable to damage due to overheat, the light sources emitted by the laser diodes have low concentration rate or diffusion irradiation rate, and assembly, maintenance and change are inconvenient when the laser diode assemblies are applied to medical and health care products. The laser diode assembly is assembled on various medical and health care products as the main component by a sleeve matched with the laser diode assembly. Not only the laser diode assembly is convenient to assemble, but also the light source emitted by the laser diode assembly has good concentration effect or diffusion irradiation effect, thus ensuring storage and maintenance to be easier. Meanwhile, the heat energy generated by the laser diode assembly is released more efficiently and the effect is better when the released heat is applied to disease treatment or health care. Various products assembled by the laser diode assembly by utilizing the sleeve not only are convenient to assemble but also have excellent waterproof and dustproof properties.

The invention discloses a heat-pump device of a closed type ice-storage air conditioner. The heat-pump device is characterized by comprising an ice-slurry and cold-water heat pump unit, a pressure-bearing type energy storage tank, a solution pump, user-end equipment, a circulating pump and heat-source-end equipment which are connected to form an energy-saving air-conditioning device. The heat-pump device disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the average installed capacity can be less than that of the conventional air-conditioning device by about 57%, the average investment can be lower than that of the conventional air-conditioning device and the operating cost can be lower than that of the conventional air-conditioning device; the functions of refrigeration, cold storage, ice melting and cold release of the air conditioner can be realized without using a primary pump and an intermediate heat exchanger; the heat-supply and heat-storage functions of the heat pump can be realized by utilizing various heat sources; and in addition, the heat-pump device also has a function of heat recovery for supplying sanitary hot water.

The invention discloses a positive pressure respirator. A multi-stage air filter (1), a CD filter (2), a pressure reducer (3), a mist humidifier (4) and a vortex tube (5) are sequentially connected in series, the multi-stage air filter (1) is connected with a compressed-air supply source, and the vortex tube (5) is connected with at least one flow adjusting valve (6) and at least one breathing mask (7) through ducts. The positive pressure respirator is simple in structure, the external compressed-air supply source is connected with the positive pressure respirator so that the air source can be guaranteed to continuously supply compressed air for a long time, the positive pressure respirator has a purification function, a heating function and a humidification function, and external air can be guaranteed not to be inhaled by the human body through the breathing mask which has a one-way breathing function.

The invention discloses an intelligent sofa control device, which comprises a heating module, a massage module, a switch module, a control module, a music play module, a cushion adjusting module and a backrest adjusting module, wherein the control module is connected with the heating module, the massage module, the switch module, the music play module, the cushion adjusting module and the backrest adjusting module separately. The intelligent sofa control device has the functions of heating, massaging, music play, cushion adjustment and backrest adjustment; the intelligent sofa control device is more intelligent than an ordinary sofa; and multiple functions are provided for a user for use.

The invention discloses a production method of purple-skinned black garlic. According to the mechanism of Maillard reaction, purple-skinned garlic is used for a series of treatment and fermentation to produce purple-skinned black garlic with unique effect, which is more effective than black garlic produced by white-skinned garlic. It has the characteristics of high antibacterial activity, obvious anti-aging effect and high nutritional content. The microwave enzyme-inactivating treatment of the present invention better retains the alliin component, and further enhances the health care effect of the black garlic. The use of purple garlic to produce black garlic, making full use of the advantages of local raw material resources such as Shaanxi and Gansu, produces products with higher added value, and turns the direct sales of local garlic into deep processing and resale, which is of great significance to promote local economic development. In addition, the production of purple-skinned black garlic has increased the variety of black garlic series, and its more advantageous nutritional effect is also of great significance in the field of green health food.

A bamboo charcoal fiber heat preservation carpet comprises a waterproof and flame-retardant layer, a heating layer, a heat preservation layer and a bamboo charcoal fiber layer which are sequentially connected from bottom to top. The heating layer comprises a heater with a power regulating function, multiple temperature sensing points, electric leads, a base cloth and a temperature controller, wherein the base cloth comprises multiple carbon fibers woven in the base cloth, the two ends of each carbon fiber are connected with the electric leads respectively and form a closed loop with the heater, the temperature sensing points are arranged in the base cloth in a close-packed hexagonal mode and connected with the temperature controller, and the temperature controller is connected together with the heater and can regulate the power of the heater. The bamboo charcoal fiber heat preservation carpet has multiple functions of water prevention, flame retardance, heating, heat preservation, breathability and the like, achieves automatic control over the heating process and is high in safety.

The present invention discloses a dual-function temperature measurement heating sensor. The objective of the invention is to provide a temperature sensor capable of heating or temperature measurement of a measured medium to allow the measured medium to have double functions of heating and temperature measurement. The realization steps of the dual-function temperature measurement heating sensor through the technical schemes comprise: a heater (1) being parallel to a temperature measurement element (2) at the same side is fixedly connected on a flange pedestal, the length of the pipe body of the heater is larger than the length of the pipe body of the temperature measurement element, the heater stretches out the end face of the flange pedestal (3), the outgoing line of the heater and the outgoing line of the temperature measurement element are located at the same side, and the outgoing line end of the heater is heat-insulated and close to the temperature measurement element, temperature measurement element employs a platinum resistor packaged by the housing of the temperature measurement element as a temperature-sensing element which is located at the same side of the non-heating section of the heater and is in non-contact with the non-heating section of the heater, the heater heats the measured medium at work, the temperature measurement element performs temperature measurement of the measured medium after heating, and the temperature signals measured by the measured medium is converted to temperature signals capable of outputting through a connector for transmission.

The invention discloses a household appliance system for linked humidity adjustment. A household appliance can collect environment humidity, human body information and environment information of a current area in real time, analyze and process the environment humidity, the human body information and the environment information to obtain a working instruction, then send the working instruction to humidity adjusting equipment, and the humidity adjusting equipment receives the working instruction for humidity adjustment. According to the household appliance system, the household appliance in thehousehold appliance system collects the environment humidity, human body information and environment information collected by a data collecting device, analyzes and processes the environment humidity,the human body information and the environment information to obtain the working instruction, then sends the working instruction to the humidity adjusting equipment, and finally the humidity adjusting equipment carries out the corresponding operation according to the working instruction to improve the regional environment quality. The household appliance system can share data and carry out linkage control to improve the utilization degree of resources, and can lower the noise generated by the humidity adjusting equipment during working through an active noise reduction device to provide a quiet and comfortable environment for a user.

The invention relates to a hydraulic oil treatment device for hydraulic equipment, and belongs to the hydraulic technical field. The hydraulic oil treatment device consists of a metal box body and accessories thereof, a heater, cooling pipe groups, an axial flow fan, an air flow guide cover and a safety protection net, wherein the box body is formed by welding iron plates or stainless steel plates; cooling pipes are arranged at corresponding positions on two non-adjacent box walls of the box body; two ends of the cooling pipes are welded together with the walls of the box body; multiple cooling pipes form a cooling pipe group; the axial flow fan is arranged at an air inlet in one side of each cooling pipe group; a bracket of the axial flow fan is fixed on the box body through screws; the air flow guide cover is arranged on the outer side of the axial flow fan; the safety protection net is arranged outside the air flow guide cover. The hydraulic oil treatment device has the advantages of energy conservation, environment friendliness, compact structure, complete functions, good oil liquid temperature control effect and safety and stability in running, and can be widely applied to hydraulic equipment industries and equipment for treating oil liquid temperature.

The invention provides a sea rescue device. The sea rescue device comprises a first air inflating bag, a second air inflating bag, an inflating device, a plurality of detecting devices, a warning device, an oar rowing assembly and an electricity supply device, wherein the first air inflating bag and the second air inflating bag are symmetrically arranged based on a connecting part, and mutually communicate; sleeping bags are respectively and fixedly mounted in the first air inflating bag and the second air inflating bag; the inflating device communicates with the first air inflating bag and the second air inflating bag; the detecting devices are used for detecting the position of a surrounding obstacle and judging the relative position of the first air inflating bag and the obstacle as well as the relative position of the second air inflating bag and the obstacle; the warning device is connected to each detecting device; the oar rowing assembly comprises a bracket, a rowing oar and a third air inflating bag; the bracket is fixed to the connecting part; the rowing oar is detachably fixed to the bracket; the third air inflating bag is fixed to the bracket based on a rope; a groove isformed in the third air inflating bag; the electricity supply device comprises an electricity generating module and an electricity storing module connected with the electricity generating module; andthe electricity storing module is connected to the warning device, each detecting device and a heating device.

The invention discloses a heat preservation and floor heating integrated reinforced concrete two-way laminated slab and a pouring process thereof. The heat preservation and floor heating integrated reinforced concrete two-way laminated slab comprises a bottom plate, longitudinal rib beams, transverse rib beams, foam blocks and a face plate, the foam blocks are located in a cavity formed by the bottom plate, the longitudinal rib beams, the transverse rib beams and the face plate, floor heating line pipes are laid between the foam blocks and the face plate, transverse through holes are formed in the transverse rib beams, and strip-shaped square holes with the bottoms communicating with the transverse through holes are formed in the position, above the transverse rib beams, of the face plate. The heat preservation and floor heating integrated reinforced concrete two-way dense rib sandwich laminated slab has the characteristics of less self weight, good integrity, heat supply function, heat supply and the like, on the premise of ensuring the integrity, safety and building energy-saving requirements, the construction of floor heating laying is simplified, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the market application prospect of floor heating can be greatly expanded.

The invention discloses a refrigerating and heating device which comprises a shell. A supporting frame is arranged at the lower portion of the shell. An air inlet bin is arranged at the lower portion of the shell. A filter device is arranged at the upper end of the air inlet bin. A refrigerating device and a heating device are arranged inside the portion, above the filter device, of the shell. An air outlet is formed in the upper end of the shell. The air outlet of the shell is provided with a temperature sensor and an air speed sensor. A controller is arranged on the outer side face of the shell and connected with the temperature sensor, the air speed sensor, the refrigerating device and the heating device. The refrigerating and heating device is reasonable in design, using safe of angular lines is ensured, it is also ensured that the angular lines have the functions of heating and refrigerating, refrigerating is achieved in summer, heating is achieved in winter, and heating and refrigerating are automatically switched along with changes of the indoor temperature, the function of automatically controlling the temperature is achieved, and the refrigerating and heating device can be used all the year round, saves energy, and is small in size, low in power consumption and high in practicability.

The invention discloses a liquid fertilizer tank truck specially for a fertilizer station; the liquid fertilizer tank truck comprises a tank truck body, a liquid fertilizer pressurization loading and unloading system arranged in the tank truck body, a heating system arranged in the tank truck body, an anti-block system arranged in the tank truck body, a tank inner cleaning system arranged in the tank truck body, a liquid fertilizer backflow system arranged in the tank truck body, and a cab with a controller; the liquid fertilizer pressurization loading and unloading system, the heating system, the anti-block system, the tank inner cleaning system and the liquid fertilizer backflow system are respectively connected with the controller. By using the structures, the liquid fertilizer tank truck can have heating, circulation, anti-block and tank inner cleaning functions; the controller realizing the functions is arranged in the cab; a driver or work people can operate in the cab of the liquid fertilizer tank truck so as to realize the functions, thus obviously improving work efficiency.

The invention discloses a water treatment device. The water treatment device comprises a shell assembly, a water purifying system and a water drinking system, wherein the water purifying system is arranged in the shell assembly for purifying water; the water drinking system comprises a first water preparation module, a second water preparation module, a water supply module and a refrigerating module, the first water preparation module is provided with a hot tank, the second water preparation module is provided with a soda water producing device and a cold tank, the soda water producing deviceis arranged in the cold tank, the water supply module communicates with the water purifying system, the hot tank, the cold tank and the soda water producing device communicate with the water supply module, and the refrigerating module is arranged in the shell for refrigerating the cold tank. For the water treatment device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the soda water producing deviceis arranged in the cold tank, cold water in the cold tank refrigerates the soda water producing device, so that the structural design of the water drinking system is more reasonable, the size of thewater treatment device is reduced, and the water treatment device has the functions of refrigerating, heating and preparing of soda water.

The invention provides a fan with a sleep control function. The fan with the sleep control function judges the sleep state of a user in the current region, and enters a sleep mode when the user is inthe sleep state; and the fan with the sleep control function enters a work mode when the user is in a non-sleep state. The fan with the sleep control function is provided with a sensing device, wherein the sensing device acquires whether the user in the current region is in the sleep state or not in real time. The fan with the sleep control function can sense whether the user in the current regionis in the sleep state or not through the sensing device, and when the user is in the sleep state, the fan automatically turns on the sleep mode, so that the current environment is suitable for the user to sleep, and when the user is in the non-sleep state, the fan automatically turns on the work mode; the fan with the sleep control function achieves the intelligent degree of the fan, and greatlyimproves the experience feeling of the user; and meanwhile, the fan has the functions of purifying, heating and humidifying, the occupied space is reduced and the operation difficulty is reduced.