The invention discloses a wild animal monitoring system. The wild animal monitoring system comprises multiple front modules, multiple rear modules and a cloud module; the front modules perform monitoring on a scenery in a set range, perform recording to generate an original image when a moving target enters a monitoring range, and perform processing and storage on the original image; the rear modules perform dynamic analysis, animal type recognition, animal number and animal age prediction, and animal activity rule analysis on the processed image, perform summarization on data obtained by theanalysis and write to a database to store; and the cloud module performs generalization and summarization on the data obtained by the analysis with reference to the previously received data, presentsthe data in a form of a data report, a chart, a curve and a distribution map, performs storage on the generalized and summarized data and sends to a set user. The data processing and analysis are implemented, and animal population type, number and activity rule are presented, such that a powerful data support is provided for a relevant department to control a balance of wild species and investigate the wild species.