This invention relates to the field of non-
destructive testing technology for
power equipment, specifically disclosing an
ultrasonic testing method for insulation defects in cable terminals. This method excites
shear waves in the insulating material using focused ultrasonic pulses, synchronously receives the echo signals using a multi-channel ultrasonic array, calculates the shear
wave propagation velocity, and inverts the
spatial distribution of the
elastic modulus to construct a three-dimensional
elastic cloud map. Then, combined with a pre-set constitutive mapping model, the
hardness distribution is transformed into an assessment result of the insulation performance degradation state. By employing the above technical solution, this invention can quantitatively characterize the non-uniformity of material mechanical properties, predict potential failure areas before defects appear, improve the detection capability and assessment accuracy of early insulation degradation, and provide a reliable basis for
preventive maintenance of
power equipment.