The invention belongs to the field of bearing defect detection and particularly relates to a bearing ring surface defect detection device based on machine vision, which comprises a disc feeding machine, a belt conveyor, a first station camera adjusting frame, a second station turnover mechanism, a removing mechanism, a third station camera adjusting frame, a tail belt conveyor, a defective productchannel, a third station rotary workbench, a grabbing mechanism, a first station rotary workbench and a pushing mechanism. By means of the photographing, detecting, removing and assembly line type working mode, inferior-quality products can be rapidly and accurately distinguished from the front face, the back face, the side face and the inner ring surface of the bearing ring, the mechanical degree is high, and manpower is omitted.