The invention relates to a pencil sketch simulating method based on an edge tangent stream. The method includes the following steps that firstly, an original image is preprocessed, a bilateral filter is used for performing smoothing on image noise, meanwhile, edge information of an image is reserved, then, a color image is changed into a grey scale image, and therefore a white noise image is generated; secondly, a structure vector field is constructed, a 3*3Sobel gradient operator is used for performing convolution on pixels of the grey scale image in the horizontal direction and the perpendicular direction to generate a gradient field, processing of the edge tangent stream is performed on the basis of the gradient field, so that stroke direction conforms to object features, for an area where the luminance variation is not obvious, threshold value extraction is set, the stroke direction is set to be 45+/-5 degrees, and the vortex stream is removed; thirdly, line integral convolution processing is performed on the white noise image and the structure vector field, and a pencil texture layer is generated; fourthly, a background texture layer is constructed, the stoke direction is rotated anticlockwise by 90 degrees on the basis of the structure vector field, a line integral convolution algorithm is used for generating the background texture layer, the background texture layer is overlapped with the pencil texture layer finally, and the light and shade relation is adjusted to generate a pencil sketch.