79results about How to "Compensation is simple" patented technology

The present disclosure provides a polarization multiplexed transceiver, including: a transmitter; a receiver; circuitry within the transmitter configured to insert pilot tones as a reference state of polarization for a polarization multiplexed signal; and circuitry within the receiver configured to de-multiplex the polarization multiplexed signal using the pilot tones. The transmitted signal is constructed in such a manner as to facilitate the division of the receiver processing between the analog and digital domains such that the implementation may be simultaneously both highly spectrally efficient and power efficient.

A synthetic ripple regulator including a synthetic ripple voltage generator that generates a synthetic ripple voltage indicative of the ripple current through an output inductor. The regulator uses the synthetically generated ripple voltage to control toggling of a hysteretic comparator for developing the pulse width modulation (PWM) signal that controls switching of the regulator. In a non-limiting implementation, a transconductance amplifier monitors the phase node voltage of the inductor and supplies an inductor voltage-representative current to a ripple capacitor, which produces the synthetic ripple voltage. Using the replicated inductor current for ripple regulation results in low output ripple, input voltage feed forward, and simplified compensation.

A microcontroller-based temperature compensated circuit for ground-fault circuit interrupter to meet the requirements of UL 943 using a single sensor to detect both ground-fault and grounded-neutral fault conditions in both full-wave and half-wave AC power supplies as part of a ground-fault circuit breaker or a receptacle device.

The invention provides an output voltage adjustable CMOS reference voltage source to facilitate the realization of the standard CMOS process, which includes the start circuit, the positive temperature coefficient current generating circuit, the negative temperature coefficient current generating circuit, and the reference voltage generating circuit; the output of the start circuit connecting with the input of the positive temperature coefficient current generating circuit, the first output of the positive temperature coefficient current generating circuit respectively connecting with the first input of the negative temperature coefficient current generating circuit and the third input of the reference voltage generating circuit, the second output of the positive temperature coefficient current generating circuit respectively connecting with the second input of the negative temperature coefficient current generating circuit and the fourth input of the reference voltage generating circuit, the first and second outputs of the negative temperature coefficient current generating circuit respectively corresponding connecting with the first and second inputs of the reference voltage generating circuit, and the reference voltage generating circuit has the reference voltage output to output reference voltage.

A system (100) for transmitting digital information includes a transmitting apparatus (102) for generating an optical signal bearing digital information, a dispersive optical channel (104), and a receiving apparatus (110) for receiving the optical signal. The dispersive optical channel (104) is disposed to convey the optical signal from the transmitting apparatus (102) to the receiving apparatus (110). The transmitting apparatus includes an encoder (114) for encoding digital information into a series of blocks, each including a plurality of data symbols corresponding with one or more bits of digital information. A signal generator (118) generates a time-varying signal corresponding with each of said blocks. An optical transmitter (136) is arranged to apply the time-varying signal to an optical source (138) to produce an optical signal which includes an optical carrier and substantially only a single information bearing optical sideband in an optical frequency domain, the sideband corresponding with the time-varying signal. The receiving apparatus (110) includes an optical detector (146) for detecting the optical signal to produce a corresponding received time-varying electrical signal. The receiver further includes means (166) for generating a series of received data blocks from the time-varying electrical signal. An equaliser (168) performs an equalisation of received data symbols included in each data block to mitigate the effect of dispersion of the optical channel, thereby enabling the transmitted data symbols to be recovered.

A circuit of CMOS reference source is prepared for connecting DC input end of start-up circuit, master offset current generating circuit, reference voltage generating circuit and reference current generating circuit separately to DC source, connecting master offset current generating circuit to start-up circuit and to reference voltage generating circuit being connected with reference current generating circuit, outputting reference voltage by reference voltage output end being connected to reference current generating circuit and outputting reference current by reference current generating circuit.

An apparatus for moving a pair of opposing surfaces in response to an electrical activation having a support including a rigid non-flexing portion, at least one pivotable arm portion extending from the rigid non-flexing portion, a pair of opposing surfaces with one opposing surface on the at least one pivotable arm portion for movement relative to one another, and a force transfer member operably positioned for driving the at least one pivotable arm portion in rotational movement. An actuator is operably engaged between the rigid portion and the force transfer member to drive the force transfer member in movement relative to the rigid portion to pivot the at least one pivotable arm portion with a loss of motion of less than 40% in response to an electrical activation of the actuator.

An electroluminescent (EL) panel with 2T1C subpixels is compensated for initial nonuniformity (“mura”). The current of each subpixel is measured at a selected time to provide a status signal representing the characteristics of the subpixel. A compensator receives a linear code value and changes it according to the status signals. A linear source driver drives the panel with the changed code values.

A fully differential amplifier includes a first single-ended current mirror type fully differential amplifier outputting a first output signal by two stage amplifying a difference between a first input signal and a second input signal and a second single-ended current mirror type fully differential amplifier outputting a second output signal by two stage amplifying a difference between the first input signal and the second input signal. A first tail of the first single-ended current mirror type fully differential amplifier and a second tail of the second single-ended current mirror type fully differential amplifier are connected to each other and the first output signal and the second output signal are differential signals.

The present invention provides a composite, in particular in the field of aviation and aerospace, comprising an omega-stringer that comprises a comb portion, and a connecting member that is connected at one end to the comb portion of the omega-stringer and can be connected at its other end to a standard coupling member. The idea underlying the present invention consists in forming omega-stringers with a connection zone that, on the one hand, is coupled to the comb portion of the omega-stringer and therefore makes it possible to transfer comparatively high loads and, on the other hand, can be connected to a standard coupling member so as to utilise the advantages of standard coupling members of this type when connecting omega-stringers to other stringers, for example T-stringers or other omega-stringers.

A method for the wavelength calibration of echelle spectra, in which the wavelengths are distributed across number of orders is characterised by the steps: recording of a line-rich reference spectrum with known wavelengths for a number of the lines, determination of the position of a number of peaks of the reference spectrum in the recorded spectrum, selection of at least two first lines of known order, position and wavelength, determination of a wavelength scale for the order in which the known lines lie, by means of a fit function gammam(x), determination of a provisional wavelength scale gamma?m 1<custom-character file="US20040114139A1-20040617-P00900.TIF" wi="20" he="20" id="custom-character-00001"/>(x) for at least one neighbouring order m 1, by means of addition/subtraction of a wavelength difference gammaFSR which corresponds to a free spectral region, according to gamma<custom-character file="US20040114139A1-20040617-P00900.TIF" wi="20" he="20" id="custom-character-00002"/>m 1 ?(x)=0gammam(x)gammaFSR with gammaFSR=gamma<custom-character file="US20040114139A1-20040617-P00900.TIF" wi="20" he="20" id="custom-character-00003"/>m(x)/m, determination of the wavelengths of lines in said neighbouring order m 1, by means of the provisional wavelength scale gamma 1(x), replacement of the provisional wavelength of at least two lines by the reference wavelength for said lines as obtained in step (a) and repeat of steps (d) to (g) for at least one further neighbouring order.

A digital demodulator employing a digital differential detection mechanism based on extracting phase differences directly from the I and Q signals after downconversion to zero-IF and image rejection are performed. The phase of the input I and Q signals is determined using the principle that the phase is equivalent to arctan

A lookup table stores the values of the arctan function preferably in a reduced size format. The size of the lookup table can be reduced significantly by storing arctan values for the first quadrant only (i.e. 0 to 90°) and taking advantage of the fact that the phase values for the other three quadrants can be derived from those of the first with some correction applied depending on the signs of the I and Q input samples. Phase extraction logic is provided that is operative to map the phase into the entire 0 to 360° range of phase values (i.e. −π to +π radians) based on the signs of the I and Q signals. The phase difference between a current phase value and the previous phase value is then calculated. It is these phase differences that reflect the frequency deviations present in the transmitted signal which represent the original modulating signal. A ‘click’ removal filter circuit is provided to remove the discontinuities in the phase difference output that occur when the 2π radians value is crossed.

Disclosed is a method for monitoring the wavelength of a tunable laser device of user by local OLT. The method is applied to a wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network framework. The framework comprises an ONU, a first athermal array waveguide grating, a transmission optical fiber, a second athermal array waveguide grating and the OLT, which are sequentially connected. ONU comprises tunable wavelength optical transmitters. The method comprises: starting handshaking is carried out between the OLT and the ONU; and the OLT carries out wavelength drifting monitoring during operation of the ONU. Wavelength adjustment can be carried out on the multi-channel tunable laser device in an external auxiliary monitoring environment, thus channel wavelengths of the multi-channel tunable laser device can be accurately controlled, and the requirement for calibration accuracy of channels of the tunable laser device at the ONU is greatly reduced.

In a system 300, a server 310 provides a cryptographic function F to an execution device in an obfuscated form. The function F composes output of a plurality of the mapping tables T_i(0≦i≦n; n≧1) using an Abelian group operator . A processor 312 chooses tables O and C such that C[x]O[x]=0, ∀x±D_i and creates tables T′_i, 0≦i≦m; n≦m≦n+1, where for 0≦i≦n, each Table T′_i represents the respective corresponding table T_,j and at least one table T′_o1, 0≦₀₁, ≦n, being formed through an Abelian composition of T_o1 and O, and at least one table T′_c10≦_c1,≦m, c₁#o_j, being formed through an Abelian composition that includes C. Means 314 are used for providing the tables T′_i, to the executing device. The executing device 320 includes means 324 for receiving the tables and a processor 322 for forming a function F′ that is functionally equivalent to the cryptographic function F by an Abelian composition of the tables T′_i.

The invention refers to a drug delivery device (2) comprising a housing (2.1) capable of receiving and containing a container (syringe 3) and a needle safety device (1). The needle safety device (1) comprises a needle cap (5.1) arranged to cover and protect a needle (4), a needle shield (6) relatively movable with respect to the housing (2.1) to cover and protect the needle (4) and a needle cap remover (7). The needle cap remover (7) has an outer part (8) adapted to be arranged to the housing (2.1) and to cover the needle shield (6) and partly the housing (2.1) and an inner part (9) adapted to be arranged to the needle cap (5.1).