102 results about "Homogeneous transformation matrix" patented technology

The invention discloses an industrial robot calibration method based on distance error models. The method comprises: establishing a robot MDH (modified Denavit-Hartenberg) kinematic model; subjecting the errors of a matrix to homogeneous transformation; establishing a robot distance error calibration model; measuring the end actual pose of a robot; calibrating geometrical parameter errors of every connecting rod of the robot; and performing experimental verification. The industrial robot calibration method based on the distance error models has the advantages of being simple, practical, high-efficiency and rapid, is applicable to any series articulated robots, has a strong commonality, and can improve the positioning accuracy and the distance accuracy of an industrial robot simultaneously.

The invention relates to a robot hand eye calibration method and a robot hand eye calibration device based on a standard ball. The method comprises the steps of acquiring point cloud information of the standard ball based on a camera coordinate system, and position information of a robot TCP in a robot-based coordinate system; positioning a ball surface of the standard ball according to the pointcloud information, determining a ball center position of the standard ball, and determining a three-dimensional coordinate value of the ball center of the standard ball in the camera coordinate systembased on a maximum likelihood estimation algorithm according to the ball center position; and determining an overdetermined transformation matrix equation of the three-dimensional coordinate value from the camera coordinate system to the robot-based coordinate system, and utilizing a least square optimization algorithm for determining a homogeneous transformation matrix of the camera coordinate system in the robot-based coordinate system, so that robot hand eye calibration is realized. According to the robot hand eye calibration method and the robot hand eye calibration device based on the standard ball provided by the invention, the robot hand eye calibration is realized by adopting the standard ball, no internal parameters of a camera is required to be calibrated, and the calibration method is simple, high in efficiency and suitable for hand eye calibration operation of various robots.

The invention relates to an off-line programming method for grinding and polishing industrial robots based on the three-dimensional graphics of workpieces. Through the workpiece calibration module, the homogeneous transformation matrix W of the spatial position and orientation of the workpiece coordinate system OW in the robot base coordinate system OBase is obtained through calibration; through the three-dimensional workpiece The graphics processing module discretizes the grinding and polishing path into several spatial points, outputs the three-dimensional coordinate information of each spatial point, and calculates several spatial pose homogeneous transformation matrices defined in the workpiece coordinate system OW on the grinding and polishing path of the workpiece surface R; through the tool calibration module, establish the tool end coordinate system OT at the contact position between the robot tool end and the workpiece, and calibrate to obtain the space pose homogeneous transformation matrix T of the tool end coordinate system OT in the robot base coordinate system OBase, to realize The robot is programmed offline. The invention has the beneficial effect of simplifying the off-line programming process of the grinding and polishing industrial robot without relying on off-line programming software of the robot.

The invention discloses a camera and robot relative pose calibration method based on pixel space optimization. According to the method, a calibration board carried at the tail end of a robot is adopted for moving inside the range of the view of a fixed camera, and space motion constraint information of the calibration board is utilized for calibration to obtain the optimal relative pose relation between the camera and a robot base. Firstly, linear invariance of a rotating matrix is utilized for solving a homogeneous transformation matrix to obtain a preliminary calibration result; then, the preliminary calibration result is used as an initial optimization value for optimization of pixel space, so that a reprojection error is made to the minimum. According to the camera and robot relative pose calibration method, the iterative optimization algorithm is adopted, no precision external measurement equipment is needed, model constraints of the image pixel space are utilized, the effective optimization initial value obtaining method is combined, the calibration result with the higher precision is obtained, and the requirement of a visual servo robot for completing positioning and grabbing working in industrial application can be met.

The invention relates to an online offset correction method and device for robot hand-eye calibration. The online offset correction method comprises the steps that coordinate values of the circle centers of nine circles on a calibration plate in a camera coordinate system and a base coordinate system are obtained; a transformation equation of the circle center of each circle on the calibration plate from the camera coordinate system to the robot base coordinate system is established, through offset coordinates of each circle, the least square method is adopted to calculate a homogeneous transformation matrix of the camera coordinate system relative to the robot base coordinate system; and according to calibrated pose values of the camera coordinate system relative to the base coordinate system, errors of the offset correction calibration results of the nine circles on the calibration plate are analyzed through a vector two-norm formula, and thus the precision of the online offset correction method is evaluated. According to the online offset correction method and device for robot hand-eye calibration, offset in the robot hand-eye calibration process is corrected, flexible, preciseand rapid adjustment on a production line can be achieved, high-repeatability and precise grabbing operation can be achieved, the online offset correction method and device can be applied to operationof an SCARA robot hand-eye device, and the simple, efficient and high-precision effects are achieved.

The invention discloses a recognition method of a critical geometrical error source of a machine tool and belongs to the technical field of machine precision designing. The recognition method of the critical geometrical error source of the machine tool is characterized by comprising the steps that the machine tool is abstracted into a multi-body system according to the structure and motion characteristics of the machine tool, relevance of parts of the machine tool is described by a topological structure and a low-order body array, a generalized coordinate system is built in the multi-body system, coupling relationship of error amounts of parts of the machine tool is described by a homogeneous transformation matrix, a characteristic matrix and a motion equation of the relative movement between two adjacent bodies of the machine tool are elicited, a precision model of a machining center is built, an ordinary mathematical model used for error sensitivity analysis of a four-shaft machine tool is built with a matrix differential method according to the precision model of the precision horizontal machining center, influence degrees on the whole space error of all error elements are compared by calculating the geometrical error sensitivities of all parts, and finally the critical error source influencing the machining precision of the machine tool is recognized.

The invention discloses a pipeline insertion intersecting line track planning method orientated to a laser machining robot. According to the method, through coincidence of the axis of a laser head of the laser machining robot and the normal vector of a curved surface of a workpiece, it is guaranteed that the laser machining head and the surface of the workpiece are perpendicular, a mathematic model of the position and the posture of the laser machining head in the pipeline insertion intersecting line cutting process is established, a homogeneous transformation matrix of a tail joint coordinate system relative to a robot base coordinate system is acquired when the laser machining robot cuts an intersecting line, and finally the position of the intersecting line is rapidly calibrated through a position interpolation algorithm for determining the intersecting line track. By the adoption of the track planning method, the position and the posture of the laser machining head can be effectively controlled in the intersecting line cutting process of the laser machining robot, compared with a traditional track planning method, the track planning method can greatly shorten operation time of track planning of a motion controller and the responding speed of a whole system is increased.

The invention discloses a double-robot base coordinate system calibration method based on a laser tracker. For two robots with the cooperation relation, the method employs a high-precision laser tracker measurement system to determine a homogeneous transformation matrix of each robot base coordinate system relative to a laser tracker coordinate system, and achieves the determining of the relative posture relation between the two robot base coordinate systems through a coordinate transformation method. The method is simple in operation, and the calibration process exerts low requirements on the operation of the robots. The calculation process of the calibration method does not refer to the readings of internal coders of the robots and joint angle values, thereby avoiding the calibration precision impacts from an operation error and a robot error. Meanwhile, the method employs the advantage that a laser tracker device is high in measurement precision, so the calibration result is high in precision. The method provided by the invention is simple in operation, remarkably shortens the time, and improves the calibration efficiency.

The invention provides a parameter identification method of a mechanical arm. The parameter identification method of the mechanical arm comprises the steps of defining an M-DH parameter, and writing out a homogeneous transformation matrix between joint coordinate systems; acquiring each theoretical joint angle value, substituting into a robot kinematics forward analysis model, and solving to obtain a theoretical terminal position and an error expression; measuring a practical terminal position, and solving an error value between the theoretical terminal position and the practical terminal position; measuring terminal positions of multiple groups of joint points, building a system of linear equations, and utilizing a least squares algorithm for solving an error value of the M-DH parameter;correcting the M-DH parameter, and utilizing the corrected M-DH parameter to obtain a corrected terminal position; and judging whether an error between the corrected terminal position and the practical terminal position is converged or not, and if yes, finishing the flow. The invention further provides a parameter measurement method and a parameter measurement device of the mechanical arm, a parameter identification device of the mechanical arm, a terminal device and a storage medium. By utilizing the embodiment of the invention, the parameter identification accuracy can be improved.

The invention provides an oppositely-closing attitude-adjusting method based on a multi-laser tracker measuring field. The oppositely-closing attitude-adjusting method comprises the steps that S1, anideal assembly model is established; S2, the multi-laser tracker measuring field is constructed; S3, a bundle adjustment method is adopted for iterative computation, and a homogeneous transformation matrix between any two laser trackers is solved; S4, coordinates of all enhanced reference systems (ERS) under an overall coordination system are calculated; and S5, target workpiece tools are assembled onto standard workpiece tools. Position selection of the ERSs is small in constraint and more flexible, drifting of the relative positions between all the ERSs is avoided, and the measuring precision is improved. Station transferring computation adopts the bundle adjustment method based on an overall optimization idea, station transferring computation between the multiple laser trackers can be completed at a time, and the station transferring precision is improved. Meanwhile, actually measured data of the laser trackers are adopted to guide attitude adjusting, the influence of placing errorof target measuring points on the position estimation result of the target measuring points is reduced, and the measuring precision is improved.

The embodiment of the application provides a joint calibration method of a radar and an integrated navigation system, a device, equipment and a medium. The joint calibration method of the radar and the integrated navigation system comprises the following steps: obtaining point cloud data collected by the lidar on an automatic driving vehicle at a first moment and a second moment, and position andattitude data collected by the integrated navigation system at the first moment and the second moment; performing registration processing on the point cloud data obtained by the lidar to obtain a first homogeneous transformation matrix; calculating a second homogeneous transformation matrix according to the position and attitude data obtained by the integrated navigation system; and completing thejoint calibration between the lidar and the integrated navigation system according to the first homogeneous transformation matrix and the second homogeneous transformation matrix. For the joint calibration of the radar and the integrated navigation system, the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has lower requirements on environmental conditions, which weakens the impact of the environmental conditions on the accuracy of the calibration and improves the accuracy of the calibration.

The invention discloses a robot calibrate error compensation method based on a fuzzy nerve network; the method comprises the following steps: compiling a homogeneous transformation matrix between adjacent link rods; calculating a kinetics equation and an error equation general formula of a robot end performer according to the transformation matrix; generating a kinetics equation and an error equation of an angle [theta i] according to a geometry parameter nominal value, the kinetics equation and the error equation general formula; compensating a first error compensation for the robot according to the kinetics equation and error equation; applying a fuzzy nerve network model to carry out a second error compensation for the robot; the method can enable the robot error compensation model to be faster, and more accurate with strong robustness.

The invention, which belongs to the technical field of the numerically-controlled machine tool processing, discloses a geometric error modeling method for a numerically-controlled machine tool. The method comprises the following steps that: a machine tool topological structure and an opened-loop kinematic chain are established according to a machine tool structure and type; on the basis of differential kinematic conversion relation between different rectangular coordinate systems, a conversion relationship between a differential kinematic matrix and a homogeneous transform matrix between the coordinate systems is established; homogeneous transform matrixes of the machine tool relative to all motion shafts are established successively; differential kinematic matrixes of all motion shafts relative to a cutting tool are established; six-dimensional geometric error vectors of all motion shafts are established; influences on the cutting tool precision by the geometric errors of all motion shafts are calculated; adding is carried out to obtain a comprehensive error vector of the cutting tool; and according to the homogeneous transform matrix of the cutting tool relative to a work bench, the comprehensive error vector of the cutting tool is converted into a comprehensive error matrix of the machine tool, thereby obtaining position errors and attitude errors of the machine tool and the cutting tool. Therefore, the method is mainly used for obtaining influences on the machine tool precision by all motion shaft errors, so that the processing precision is improved.

The invention provides a laser processing visual matching method and system and a medium. The laser processing visual matching method comprises a device fixing step, wherein a calibration plate is fixed on a flange of an industrial robot, and a camera is fixedly placed at a first preset position of an external space of the industrial robot; a coordinate system construction step, wherein a base coordinate system Base, a flange coordinate system Flange, a calibration plate coordinate system Tool and a camera coordinate system Cam of the industrial robot are constructed; and a matrix acquisitionstep, wherein a closed kinematic chain equation between the four coordinate systems is established, and a homogeneous transformation matrix of the calibration plate coordinate system and the flange coordinate system is obtained. Shortcomings in the prior art are overcome, the vision-based matching method with simple operation and high precision is provided, and guarantees are provided for high-precision and high-stability operation for follow-up laser processing.

The invention provides a hybrid mechanism-based kinematic solution method for active wave compensation systems. The method comprises the following steps of: in an inverse kinematic process, solving aposition and a posture, in a space, of a mobile platform through a pose parameter of a target point at the tail end of an upper platform, solving the displacement of each rod length, namely, each mobile pair, and inputting an obtained joint motion amount into a compensation platform controller to realize motion control; and in a forward kinematic process, solving a direction cosine matrix and a position vector, in a static coordinate system, of a mobile coordinate system through 6 input rod lengths, a constraint equation of the rod lengths and a system of simultaneous equations, solving a homogeneous transformation matrix at the tail end of an accommodation ladder of the upper platform, and inputting an obtained pose, in the space, of the tail end of the accommodation ladder into the compensation platform controller to realize motion control. The method is capable of enabling the calculation process to be relatively rapid, simple, correct, efficient and convenient to apply, providing basis for the motion control of active wave compensation systems, and satisfying the work demands of the active wave compensation systems of engineering.

The invention discloses a method for detecting position-independent geometric errors of double rotating shafts of a five-axis numerical control machine tool. The method is characterized in that a ballbar is adopted as experimental equipment for identifying the position-independent geometric errors (PIGEs) of the swing shaft B and the rotating shaft C in the five-axis numerical control machine tool; a new measurement track is provided; the problem that asynchronism is caused between the resultant velocity formed when the swing shaft B and the rotating shaft C re in coordinated movement and theacquisition speed of the ball bar is solved; a homogeneous transformation matrix in the rigid body kinematics is combined, and a simulation model is established; and the simulation model is combinedwith experiments, and the position-independent geometric errors of the double rotating shafts of the five-axis numerical control machine tool can be identified and measured. By means of the method, the position-independent geometric errors of the double rotating shafts of the five-axis numerical control machine tool can be rapidly and effectively detected; and the precision is high, and the practicability is good.

The invention discloses a kinematics real-time solving method based on a seven-DOF space manipulator of an FPGA. The kinematics solving method is related to five function modules, respectively, a sine and cosine solving module, a positive solution module, a Jacobian matrix solving module, an inversion module and a joint angular speed solving module. The sine and cosine solving module is used for computing sine and cosine values of each joint angle of the manipulator and inputting the sine and cosine values of each joint angle of the manipulator to the positive solution module to solve a homogeneous transformation matrix, then, the Jacobian matrix solving module is used for computing each line of a Jacobian matrix relative to a tail end coordinate system through the homogeneous transformation matrix to obtain a Jacobian matrix and a full rank matrix relative to a reference coordinate system through computation and outputting the full rank matrix to the inversion module for inversion. When inversion operation is completed, the full rank matrix is output to the joint angular speed solving module and is multiplied with a transpose of the Jacobian matrix relative to the reference coordinate system, then, pseudo-inversion of the Jacobian matrix can be obtained, finally, the angular speed of each joint can be obtained by multiplying the tail end speed, and the whole kinematics solving can be completed.

The invention discloses a modeling method for a simplified kinematic model of a minimally invasive surgical robot. The method includes the steps of creating a homogeneous transformation matrix of a main wrist point based on a basic coordinate system of a main hand; according to the homogeneous transformation matrix of the main hand, a preset basic coordinate rotation mapping matrix and a proportion mapping coefficient of the main hand and a subordinate hand, obtaining the position of a writ point of the subordinate hand based on a basic coordination system of the subordinate hand; according to the homogeneous transformation matrix of a position control movement joint of the subordinate hand and the position of the wrist point, creating an equation, and figuring out an angle value and/or position value of the position control movement joint of the subordinate hand; according to the one-to-one corresponding relation between a posture angle of the main hand at the position of the wrist point and the posture angle of the subordinate hand at the wrist point of the subordinate hand, creating an equation, and then figuring out the angle value and /or position value of a posture control movement joint of the subordinate hand. According to the method for the simplified kinematic model of the minimally invasive surgical robot, on the basis of an idea of separating the position from the posture, the complex degree of kinematic calculation can be simplified, and the real-time index of a control system is improved.

The invention provides a point cloud collision detection method applied to a robot grabbing scene. The method comprises the following steps of S1, constructing a bounding box model of a robot clampingjaw, and collecting point cloud data in a workpiece region; S2, establishing a robot coordinate system, a vertex coordinate system and a point coordinate system, and obtaining a homogeneous transformation matrix; S3, obtaining the coordinates of each vertex of the bounding box model and the coordinates of each point of a point cloud under the robot coordinate system respectively according to thehomogeneous transformation matrix; S4, judging the relationship between each point of the point cloud and the bounding box model, and obtaining the quantity of the points, in the bounding box model, of the point cloud; and S5, comparing the quantity of the points, in the bounding box model, of the point cloud with a preset threshold so as to detect whether the clamping jaw collides with an actualobject or not in advance. According to the point cloud collision detection method applied to the robot grabbing scene, the problem of unstable grabbing caused by a collision conflict between a clamping jaw and other workpieces touched by the clamping jaw in the workpiece grabbing process of a robot currently is solved.

The present invention provides a control method and device for a manipulator arm based on monocular vision positioning. First, pixel coordinates of a target point of a target object in a pixel coordinate system are obtained, then the transformation is carried out by using a homogeneous transformation matrix of a camera coordinate system relative to the end of the manipulator arm and the homogeneous transformation matrix of the end of the manipulator arm relative to a world coordinate system. Then line of sight equations are obtained. Finally, in the world coordinate system, the plane equationof the plane where a target point is located is obtained, and the target point is obtained through the line of sight equations and the plane equations. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention does not need two monocular cameras, simplifies the positioning system, and has simple operation, and does not involve the matching of image feature points and the calculationof optimal distance, simplifies the processing algorithm and reduces the requirements for hardware equipment.

The invention discloses a hand-eye calibration method of a robot linear structured light vision measurement system. According to the method of the invention, the movement relationships of a robot are demonstrated through establishing a coordinate system according to the movement features of the robot; the movement of the tail end of the robot is controlled, and homogeneous transfer matrix principles are used in combination, and the movement quantity of a camera before and after the movement of the robot is obtained, and then, a final hand-eye relation matrix can be obtained according to a hand-eye relation model. According to the hand-eye calibration method of the invention, a round replacement standard ball in the prior art is adopted as a target, and therefore, only the linear features of structural light are needed to be extracted, and thus, calculation amount can be reduced.

The invention provides a milling three-dimensional stability forecasting method of a six-freedom-degree series robot and relates to the technical field of robot machining application. By means of themethod, the machining posture of the six-freedom-degree series robot is determined firstly, and the angle value of each joint of the robot is obtained; then the structural rigidity of the robot in three directions is obtained, and the milling cutting rigidity value of the robot is calculated and obtained; a homogeneous transformation matrix among all kinematics coordinate systems is obtained; theinherent frequency of various orders and corresponding modal shapes of the robot are obtained through analysis; the main rigidity direction of the robot is obtained, and the transfer matrix from cutting force to the main rigidity direction of the robot is determined; and finally, the machining direction is determined, and robot milling three-dimensional stability is used for judging and forecasting stability. By means of the milling three-dimensional stability forecasting method of the six-freedom-degree series robot, the machining feeding direction can be selected in advance, modal coupling fluttering in the milling process is avoided, and the quality of the machined surface is improved.