A Chinese medicine for treating throat itching and dry cough pertains to a Chinese medicine for treating cough. The main recipe includes 6g cicada slough, 10g stiff silkworm, 10g ballonflower root, 10g schizonepeta tenuifolia, 10g dried citrus peel, 15g stemona root, 10g white swallowwort root, 10g aster root and 5g liquorice. The auxiliary recipe is: for people with chest tightness and nausea, adding20g snakegoured shell and 10g hovenia dulcis; for people with sticky sputum, adding 10g rhizoma anemarrhenae and 15g mulberry bark; for people with short course of disease, serious cough and throat engorgement, adding 20g cordate houttuynia and 3g nantural oindigo; for people with long course of disease and dry lip, adding 15g dwarf lilyturf tuber and 20g reed rhizome; for people with serious cough at night, adding 10g schisandra. Due to simple recipe, natural Chinese herbs in the recipe, convenient use, simple production method, good internal curative effect and low price, the Chinese medicine is particularly suitable for people who live far away from the urban area and in remote villages. For people who have throat itching and dry cough, the treatment cost is quite low, which solves the curative problem of low-income families, those living in poverty and places lack of medical conditions.