The invention relates to a prediction method for building energy consumption based on a neural network. The method mainly comprises the following steps of: step 1, collecting energy consumption data of a building and taking the energy consumption data as sample data, carrying out normalization on the sample data, and enabling range of the sample data to be [0,1]; step 2, carrying out neural network simulation, and establishing a first neural network model for predicting the building energy consumption; step 3, predicting the building energy consumption by the first neural network model, and counting prediction error of the building energy consumption under the conditions of festivals and holidays; step 4, carrying out neural network simulation again, and establishing a second neural network model for predicting the a building energy consumption modification value under the conditions of the festivals and the holidays; and step 5, respectively counting predicted values of the building energy consumption under the conditions of the festivals and the holidays as well as work days. The prediction method of the building energy consumption in the festivals and the holidays based on the neural network has the beneficial effects that due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the prediction precision of the building energy consumption can be greatly improved, particularly the prediction precision under the conditions of the festivals and the holidays can be greatly improved, and the prediction method has important significance in energy resource monitoring of buildings.