35 results about "Organophosphorus Poisoning" patented technology

Organophosphate (OP) nerve agents and pesticides are potent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Though oxime nucleophiles can reactivate an AChE-phosphyl adduct, the adduct can undergo a reaction called aging, leading to an aged-AChE adduct. The invention provides compounds and methods that can be used to reactivate an aged-AChE adduct. Such compounds and methods are useful to counteract organophosphorus poisoning.

The present invention provides new compositions and methods for treating and / or reversing organophosphate intoxication, manifested by both cholinergic and non-cholinergic crisis, in a mammal resulting from exposure to organophosphate compounds. The neurosteroidal compounds of this invention are those having the general structural formula of pregnane, androstane, 19-norandrostanes, and norpregnane with further moieties as defined herein. These compounds include, but are not limited to, ganaxolone, pregnanolone, and androstanediol and their analogs, salts and prodrugs. The present invention further relates to combining a therapeutically effective amount of a neurosteroidal compound with a standard organophosphate antidote (e.g. atropine, pralidoxime). The data suggests that neurosteroids are effective or more effective than benzodiazepines, whether given earlier or later than 40-min (up to several hours) after organophosphate compound exposure. Neurosteroids are effective to attenuate long-term neuropsychiatric deficits caused by organophosphate exposure.

The present invention relates treatments of a toxin in a subject. The toxin at least partially effects its toxicity in the subject via binding to a target cell of the subject. The present invention provides for methods, combinations and pharmaceutical compositions for decreasing or neutralizing the effect of a toxin in a subject, using, inter alia, an effective amount of a nanoparticle comprising an inner core comprising a non-cellular material, and an outer surface comprising a cellular membrane derived from a source cell. Exemplary toxins include acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors such as organophosphate poisoning.

A super engineered bacterium able to degradate the residual agricultural chemical contains the gene to code detoxicating lipase and hydrolase, so it can induce the expression of detoxicating lipase and hydrolase. Its configuring process includes cloning the genes of detoxicating lipase and hydrolase, respectively cloning them to expression carrier pETDuet-1, configuring fusion expression carrier pETDuet-b1-opd, transferring to obtain recombinant strain, and inductive culture. It can be used to eliminate residual agricultural chemical.

The present invention is directed to various methods for treating organophosphorus poisoning in an animal that is at risk of exposure to an organophosphorus compound or preventing organophosphorus poisoning in an animal that has been exposed to an organophosphorus compound, by administering a therapeutically effective amount of galantamine or a salt thereof, or a biologically active analog, derivative, fragment or variant thereof.

The invention relates to methods of treating or preventing organophosphate poisoning in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject isoflurane, enflurane, halothane, sevoflurane, desflurane, xenon or argon in a therapeutically effective amount.

Disclosed herein is an in vitro or in vivo method of activating or reversing inactivation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) or butyrylcholinesterase (BuchE) using compounds of the present disclosure. Also disclosed is a method of treating a subject exposed to a nerve agent using such compounds. Also disclosed is a method of treating organophosphate poisoning in a subject using such compounds. Also disclosed is a method of modulating neuronal signaling and transmission in a subject using such compounds.

The present invention relates to compositions comprising an antiemetic, particularly including 5-HT3 antagonist and / or NK-1 antagonist antiemetics, in combination with a choline esterase inhibitor such as an acetylcholine esterase inhibitor and / or a butyrylcholine esterase inhibitor, and methods of using the composition to provide improved protection of subjects at risk of organophosphorus poisoning, or, for the treatment, prevention, or alleviation / reduction of toxicity from an organophosphorus compound, by enabling the use of a highly protective daily dose of the choline esterase inhibitor without the typical adverse effects.