The invention belongs to the field of astronomical instruments, and particularly relates to a time telling control device structure for an ancient astronomical clock tower. The time telling control device structure comprises a wooden pavilion, a head sheave, a dial tooth machine wheel, a daytime bell drum wheel, an early time spur gear, a time telling timer wheel, a replacing and preparing wheel, a night arrow wheel, a time telling support seat and a time telling shaft. The wooden pavilion is divided into five layers with a first layer to a fifth layer being arranged from top to bottom, and the wooden pavilion is fixedly arranged on a rack of the model of the astronomical clock tower. The first layer of the wooden pavilion is provided with three doors, and the layers from a second layer to the fifth layer are respectively provided with a door. The time telling shaft is sequentially connected with the center of the head sheave, the center of the dial tooth machine wheel, the center of the daytime bell drum wheel, the center of the early time spur gear, the center of the time telling timer wheel, the center of the replacing and preparing wheel and the center of the night arrow wheel from top to bottom. The time telling shaft is inserted into the time telling support seat for fixing. The time telling support seat is installed on the rack of the model of the astronomical clock tower and can rotate. The head sheave is connected with a power output system of the model of the astronomical clock tower. The self-clocking demonstration function of a time signal device of the astronomical clock tower can be achieved through the design of a clock buckled mechanism.