The invention discloses a rapid
relocation method for a large-scale mapping scene based on a
point cloud, and belongs to the technical field of
robot automatic driving, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out mapping by using an SLAM technology, in the mapping process, generating a
key frame of a 3D
point cloud, a corresponding ring-domain
feature vector library and a multi-resolution sub-map
library, and carrying out the data preprocessing; the data preprocessing comprises the following steps: calculating the
score of each node in the
tree structure of the multi-resolution sub-map, and generating a node
score database; starting repositioning, and performing ring-domain
feature vector matching by using sensor data at the current moment to obtain a candidate sub-map
library; obtaining the optimal sub-map and the initial
pose value of the carrier from the candidate sub-maps; and performing fine matching in the optimal sub-map to obtain a final
relocation result. According to the method, the problems that real-time positioning can only be realized by depending on the support of an external environment in the prior art, or the operation data volume is too large during real-time positioning, and the method is not suitable for real-time positioning of a large-scale mapping scene are solved.