The invention discloses a real-time monitoring and management system of a digital grounding wire, comprising a grounding polar line clamp, a digital grounding wire pile, a grounding wire cabinet, a wireless communication controller, a wireless communication base station, a computer terminal, a database and management software thereof, wherein the digital grounding wire is provided with a groundingpolar line clamp mounting hole, a passive RFID label and a magnetic material; the grounding polar line clamp is provided with the wireless communication controller in which an RFID label reader is arranged, and the outside of the grounding polar line clamp is provided with a lead screw; the lead screw and the grounding wire mounting hole of the digital grounding wire pile are tightly connected. Through the digitization of transformer station grounding wire information, the automatic real-time monitoring and management of transformer station grounding wires can be realized and artificial errorfactors also can be completely eliminated, so that a transformer station operator on duty is clear with the use and storage conditions of the grounding wires at a glance, thereby achieving the goal of preventing the switching-on accident of the grounding; in addition, the real-time monitoring and management system of a digital grounding wire also can provide grounding wire data information for other automation devices, such as digitization transformer stations, transformer station comprehensive automation devices, transformer station microcomputer fail-safe units and the like.