The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft strength test loading, and discloses an asymmetric load buffer and a parameter determination method, and the asymmetric load buffer comprises aforce transmission end cover, a locking large nut, an outer cylinder, a locking small nut, a sliding bearing bracket, a locking small nut, a sliding bearing, a large spring, a small spring, a loadingmandrel, a sliding bearing, a sliding bearing bracket and an end cover. Through the application of the invention, the rigidity of the loading system can be reduced, a lag recovery area of the servo loading system is avoided, the loading command curve and the feedback command curve are highly superposed, the loading precision is ensured, and meanwhile, the reversing impact on the loading of a testpiece is avoided. The stroke requirements of actuators of different load levels can be met by adjusting the compression amount of the spring.