The invention relates to a calibrating system and method of a multi-view-field star sensor based on a three-axis turntable. The calibrating system comprises the multi-view-field star sensor, the three-axis turntable, a single-star simulator and a data collecting device. The calibrating method comprises the following steps: step one, collecting data; step two, calibrating a pinhole model; step three, calibrating a complete model; step four, solving a structure parameter; and step five, evaluating a calibrating result. The calibrating method uses a generating angle of a rolling-rotating axis ofthe three-axis turntable to switch a data collecting view field, and uses the other two axes to generate a calibrating track for each view field. Data collection is completed by one time, so an outerparameter model in each view field calibrating model is kept unchanged, and the structure parameter between the view fields can be solved without being affected by an installing error. At the same time, according to an unchanged outer parameter, calibration of each view field can be joint-optimized, and the effect on parameter estimation precision caused by parameter coupling is reduced.