The invention discloses a real-time communication method and system between a DSP and an FPGA. The real-time communication method between the DSP and the FPGA includes the steps that all data, stored in the DSP, to be transmitted are moved and stored in a data transmitting register every time one transmitting frame synchronizing signal of the FPGA is received, the data, temporarily stored in the data transmitting register, to be transmitted are transmitted to the data transmitting flow of the FPGA at the same time when the next transmitting frame synchronizing signal of the FPGA is received, one part of received data of a specific data length, which are input by the FPGA at the same time, are received every time one receiving frame synchronizing signal of the FPGA is received, the part of received data are stored in a data receiving register, and accordingly the part of received data stored in the data receiving register are transmitted to the data receiving flow of the DSP. By means of the real-time communication method and system between the DSP and the FPGA, the data exchange rate between the DSP and the FPGA is greatly increased, bothway, real-time and efficient transmission of the data between the DSP and the FPGA is achieved, and the requirement for acquiring instant messaging services of users is met.