Self-healing of a mechanical part in a
mechanical system is provided, such as a self-healing part in a
cutting apparatus. Differential
hardness of respective parts in contact with each other is used. Undesirable damage from a
foreign object in a
mechanical system is managed by directing damage away from a part that is not wanted to be damaged and towards a part that may receive damage and be replaced. True zero-clearance
cutting on a
commercial scale is provided via a
cutting area including a sacrifice material that is relatively softer than the cutter. One example is a cutting
system which is capable of cutting a material such as, for example, tape or paper, into a
fiber or
powder. Destruction of the material is further enhanced by advantageous strategic patterning of cutting edges on a rotary cutter, and further by secondary shredding features. For example, on the same axis as the rotary cutter, may be disposed, one on each end, rotating secondary shredders that receive material that has been
cut by the rotary cutter as well as material that has escaped cutting by the rotary cutter. A variety of materials, of different thicknesses and types, may be reduced to a dust or
powder-size. A single destruction
machine advantageously may receive (with minimal operator intervention) a mixed input load, such as a mixture of a combination of paper (including paper that is folded, ripped, stapled, or otherwise irregular), CDs, DVDs,
polyester, plastic cards, SMART cards, wood, Verichips, flash drives, biometric chips, and / or other generally-planar materials.