The invention relates to an ammonia gas leakage protecting device which comprises a first ammonia gas detecting unit, a second ammonia gas detecting unit, a data collection control unit, a refrigeration action unit, a single freeze action unit, a communication unit and an emergency illuminance unit. The first ammonia gas detecting unit is arranged in a refrigerating station, the second ammonia gas detecting unit is arranged in a single freezing area, and ammonia gas detectors are arranged in the two ammonia gas detecting units. The data collection control unit comprises a data collection module, a comparison module, a storage module and a logic control module. The refrigeration action unit comprises a first exhaust fan controller, a first spray controller and a first valve controller. The ammonia gas leakage protecting device can detect the ammonia concentration in the refrigerating station and in the single freezing area of a manufacturing shop. In addition, after data collection, all controllers are started, and loss caused by ammonia gas leakage can be prevented.