The invention belongs to the technical field of heart surgery pericardium drainage, and discloses a heart surgery pericardium effusion drainage method and system. The pericardial effusion drainage system for the cardiac surgery department comprises a case data acquisition module, a data preprocessing module, a data transmission module, a central control module, a preoperative evaluation module, a positioning and fixing module, a movable puncture module, a pericardial drainage module, a physical sign monitoring module, a drainage speed monitoring module, a medicine delivery module, a data storage module and an update display module. The pericardial effusion drainage system for the cardiac surgery department is simple in structure, convenient to use, time-saving and labor-saving, cardiac tamponade can be quickly, safely and effectively relieved, pain of a patient is reduced, flexible positioning can be achieved, puncture accuracy is guaranteed, effusion is completely removed, the effect of a pericardial effusion drainage operation for the cardiac surgery department is effectively improved, and the cardiac surgery department is worthy of popularization. And the workload of medical staff is greatly reduced.