The invention discloses a power transformation equipment typical visual defect detection system and method based on edge cloud cooperation, and relates to the technical field of edge computing and cloud computing. The system comprises an inspection robot, a power transformation equipment image acquisition device, an edge computing platform, a cloud server platform, a communication device, an imagedata preprocessing module, a power transformation equipment typical visual defect detection module and a typical visual defect image data management module. The method comprises the steps of S1, acquiring power transformation equipment image data by the power transformation equipment image acquisition device and sending the power transformation equipment image data to an edge computing platform;through the inspection robot, the power transformation equipment image acquisition device, the edge computing platform, the cloud server platform, the communication device, the image data preprocessing module, the power transformation equipment typical visual defect detection module, the typical visual defect image data management module and the like, high power transformation equipment typical visual defect detection working efficiency is realized.