The invention provides a cloud storage data service device, a cloud storage data transmission system, a server and a method. The cloud storage data service device comprises a data service module. The data service module is used for: receiving characteristic values of data to be transmitted when a cloud storage client conducts cloud storage, and conducting duplication eliminating storage according to the characteristic values; and receiving an access request transmitted when the cloud storage client conducts cloud storage access, according to the access request, extracting the data after duplication elimination, conducting data reorganization, and transmitting to the cloud storage client. According to the invention, by application of data duplication elimination to cloud storage data transmission, the expandability problem of a large-scale cloud storage environment can be solved, the duplication eliminating ratio and transmission efficiency are improved, the availability of transmission services is improved, the resource consumption of the client is reducing, and poor network environments are tolerated.