138results about How to "Reduce recombination" patented technology

Fluid analyte sensors include a photoelectrocatalytic element that is configured to be exposed to the fluid, if present, and to respond to photoelectrocatalysis of at least one analyte in the fluid that occurs in response to impingement of optical radiation upon the photoelectrocatalytic element. A semiconductor light emitting source is also provided that is configured to impinge the optical radiation upon the photoelectrocatalytic element. Related solid state devices and sensing methods are also described.

In a solar cell, a crystal defect layer by ion implantation or an amorphous layer by ion implantation is formed between p type diffusion layers provided in an island-like manner at a side opposite to a light receiving surface of a low concentration p type semiconductor single crystalline substrate. The element of the ion implantation may be at least one selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, silicon, germanium, fluorine, oxygen and carbon. The constituent substance of the semiconductor substrate, such as Si is preferably used for the ion implantation. In such a solar cell structure having the crystal defect or amorphous layer, relatively long wavelength light that could not effectively be utilized in the prior art solar cell may be utilized so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency may be improved.

In a photovoltaic device comprising a thin intrinsic amorphous semiconductor film inserted in a junction portion of a crystalline semiconductor substrate and an amorphous semiconductor film which have conductive types reverse to each other, an optical band gap of the intrinsic amorphous semiconductor film is expanded on a side in contact with the amorphous semiconductor film.

A structure of multi-wavelength light emitting device comprises multi-stacked active layer structure. Each stacked layer comprises lower energy bandgap well 4 and higher energy bandgap barrier layer 3 wherein at least one stacked layer in the device contains nanoparticles. As a result, the emitting wavelengths of the multi-stacked active layer structure consist parts (or all) of the emitting wavelengths come from the stack layers containing nanoparticles, and parts (or all) of the emitting wavelengths come from the stack layers not containing nanoparticles. In another embodiment, parts (or all) of the emitting wavelengths of the multi-stacked active layer structure can be also used to trigger one or more phosphorescences from the phosphors, thus the emitting wavelengths of such a phosphors converted light emitting device may come partially from the multi-stacked active layer itself and partially (or all) from the phosphors.

A light emitting device is provided in which reduction of recombinations in a light emitting element is prevented by using a low-resistant electrode structure. A light emitting device of the present invention has a light emitting element composed of first and second electrodes and an organic compound layer that is sandwiched between the first and second electrodes, and the device is characterized in that one of the first and second electrodes has a transparent conductive film, a transparent conductive resin formed on the transparent conductive film, and a plurality of conductors formed on the transparent conductive resin.

A solar cell includes a substrate of a first conductive type, an emitter layer, of a second conductive type opposite the first conductive type, positioned at one surface of the substrate, a first electrode electrically connected to the emitter layer, a first protective layer positioned on a front surface of the emitter layer where the first electrode is not positioned, a back surface field layer positioned at another surface of the substrate, a second electrode electrically connected to the back surface field layer, and a second protective layer positioned on a back surface of the substrate where the second electrode is not positioned. Each of the first and second protective layers is formed of a material having fixed charges of the first conductive type.

Recombinant pox viruses capable of expressing an immunogenic fragment of the MUC1 tumor-associated antigen are disclosed. The recombinant viruses can be used as vaccines to prevent the establishment of or treat tumors or pre-tumorous cells expressing the MUC1 tumor-associated antigen. The vaccines can be provided as an admixture comprising: (1) a recombinant pox virus encoding the immunogenic fragment of the MUC1 tumor-associated antigen, and (2) a recombinant pox virus encoding a T-cell co-stimulatory factor. The vaccine admixture can be used, e.g., to prevent establishment of tumors or pre-tumorous cells expressing the MUC1 tumor-associated antigen. The MUC1 specific cytotoxic T-cells can be isolated and expanded and used in a method for treating a host having a tumor expressing MCU1 positive tumor cells.

A photovoltaic device and methods of manufacturing a photovoltaic device are disclosed. A photovoltaic device includes a first photovoltaic cell, a second photovoltaic cell, a semiconductor layer, and a doped layer. The second photovoltaic cell is in electrical communication with the first photovoltaic cell. The semiconductor layer includes a textured portion. The doped layer is configured to create a back surface field, the doped layer disposed between a proximal layer of the second photovoltaic cell and the semiconductor layer.

A photovoltaic solar cell is described that, according to one example embodiment, includes a semiconductor light absorbing layer and a dielectric stack on at least one of a front side of the light absorbing layer or a back side of the light absorbing layer. The dielectric stack includes a tunneling dielectric layer being sufficiently thin for charge carriers to tunnel across, and an overlaying dielectric layer being a different material than the overlaying dielectric. The solar cell also includes an electrically conductive contact physically contacting the overlaying dielectric. The electrically conductive contact and the overlaying dielectric together have either a work function suitable for selective collection of electrons that closely matches a conduction band of the light absorbing layer, or a work function suitable for selective collection of holes that closely matches a valence band of the light absorbing layer.

A method for forming copper indium gallium (sulfide) selenide (CIGS) solar cells, cadmium telluride (CdTe) solar cells, and copper zinc tin (sulfide) selenide (CZTS) solar cells using laser annealing techniques to anneal the absorber and/or the buffer layers. Laser annealing may result in better crystallinity, lower surface roughness, larger grain size, better compositional homogeneity, a decrease in recombination centers, and increased densification. Additionally, laser annealing may result in the formation of non-equilibrium phases with beneficial results.

A dominion database format that is specially used in parasitic parameter extraction tools belongs to the technical field of IC CAD. When using a regular dominion database to perform parasitic parameter extraction, the efficiency of searching, reading and input data organization with the parasitic parameter extraction tool is not high. The invention provides a ZPD format database, which is a special-purpose dominion database format for the parasitic parameter extraction tools. The special-purpose dominion data format can establish quick indexes for polygon data as well as the bodies of bus network that are distributed inside different layers; define and save the network connection relationship and the element data type of component information, so as to reduce unnecessary data recombination; compress the storage space for the dominion coordinate data; store relevant element data into a continuous space and eliminate redundant information, so as to improve data-reading speed; the invention can considerably improve the capacity of searching, reading and input data organization for parasitic parameter extraction tools.

A preparation method of core-shell composite material wrapped in a titanium dioxide nanoparticle coating includes: firstly, acquiring nanoparticle carrier; and secondly, wrapping the surface of the metal or metal oxide nanoparticle carrier with a titanium dioxide nanoparticle coating. The second step includes dissolving titanium isobutoxide in glycol, mixing at room temperature for 4-8 hours to obtain titanium dioxide precursor mixed solution A, dispersing the nanoparticle carrier in acetone, mixing well to obtain even mixed solution B, adding the titanium dioxide precursor mixed solution A into the mixed solution B, allowing for obtained solution to stand at room temperature to form precipitate mixed solution, and subjecting the precipitate mixed solution to centrifugal separation, and heating in water bath at 80-100 DEG C. The preparation method of the core-shell composite material wrapped in the titanium dioxide nanoparticle coating allows for increasing of photocatalysis efficiency and is low in cost.

The present invention discloses the use of a metal nanoparticle which comprises at least one semiconductor attached to it, wherein the at least one semiconductor is an atomic quantum cluster (AQC) consisting of between 2 and 55 zero-valent transition metal atoms, as photocatalysts in photocatalytic processes and applications thereof.

The present invention relates to methods for gene therapy, especially to adenovirus-based gene therapy, and related cell lines and compositions. In particular, novel nucleic acid constructs and packaging cell lines are disclosed, for use in facilitating the development of high-capacity and targeted vectors. The invention also discloses a variety of high-capacity adenovirus vectors and related compositions and kits including the disclosed cell lines and vectors. Finally, the invention discloses methods of preparing and using the disclosed vectors, cell lines and kits.

The invention belongs to the technical field of nano composite materials, and discloses a preparation method and application of a 1D Sb2S3 nanorod/3D ZnIn2S4 composite structure. The method is as follows: firstly hydrothermally synthesizing 1D Sb2S3 nanorods, then dispersing the 1D Sb2S3 nanorods into deionized water to form a suspension, and finally, using in-situ hydrothermal method to prepare the 1D Sb2S3 nanorod/3D ZnIn2S4 composite structure. The composite structure prepared by the method can be applied to catalytically degrade 2-thiol benzothiazole under visible light or decompose waterto produce hydrogen under sunlight. The method has rich raw materials, simple operation process and mild reaction conditions, and belongs to a green synthesis method. The 1D Sb2S3 nanorods are combined with 3D ZnIn2S4 nanostructures to make full use of the in-situ growth characteristics, and close contact between the 1D Sb2S3 nanorods and the 3D ZnIn2S4 nanostructures is formed to achieve efficient transmission and separation of photogenerated electrons, improve the electron transport capability in the composite, and broaden the light absorption range of a single photocatalyst, so that the overall photocatalytic activity is enhanced, and the 1D Sb2S3 nanorod/3D ZnIn2S4 composite structure has important and broad application prospects in environmental management and energy conversion.