37 results about "Incident energy" patented technology

The invention discloses an alloy high-temperature and high-pressure environment simulation method under radiation action based on molecular dynamics, which comprises the following steps: establishing a molecular structure framework of an alloy according to a crystal structure and a lattice constant of the alloy, and setting initial parameters to construct an initial simulation model; performing relaxation operation on the molecular structure model in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment; performing irradiation damage simulation on the relaxed model based on molecular dynamics, selecting a central atom as a primary off-site atom, and setting incident energy and incident direction of the primary off-site atom to simulate atom cascade collision; keeping the incident direction unchanged, and adjusting the incident energy of the primary off-site atoms to obtain defect distribution and defect density under different energies; and analyzing the defect evolution law of the alloy in the high-temperature and high-pressure environment according to the simulation result. According to the method, the alloy material is observed from a microscopic atomic scale, so that a powerful support is provided for simulating a defect evolution process in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment and reflecting atomic collision of the alloy in a real radiation environment.

The absorber is formed by periodically arranging a plurality of absorption structure units, each absorption structure unit comprises a SiO2 substrate, a Ti metal layer and two Si3N4 regular hexagonal prisms which are coaxially arranged from bottom to top, and the embedded body which is coaxially arranged in the Si3N4 regular hexagonal prism at the bottom layer; the embedded body comprises an MgF2 regular hexagonal prism on the outer layer, a Cr metal circular ring on the middle layer and a TiO2 regular hexagonal prism on the inner layer. When the MgF2 regular hexagonal prism is internally tangent to the Si3N4 regular hexagonal prism at the bottom layer, the Cr metal circular ring is internally tangent to the MgF2 regular hexagonal prism, the TiO2 regular hexagonal prism is internally tangent to the Cr metal circular ring, and the top point of the bottom surface of the Si3N4 regular hexagonal prism at the top layer coincides with the midpoint of the edge of the top surface of the Si3N4 regular hexagonal prism at the bottom layer, it is ensured that an electromagnetic field / sound field is uniformly coupled between structural units, energy leakage or too high local field intensity is avoided, and the electromagnetic field / sound field is effectively improved. The coverage range of absorbed waves is 800-2800nm, and is not influenced by incident energy polarization, so that the application range is wide; structural unit layout facilitates accurate alignment, manufacturing difficulty and cost are reduced, and mass production, popularization and application are easy.

The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectric devices, and relates to a method for widening the detection wave band of a two-dimensional TMDC heterojunction photoelectric device and the photoelectric device. The TMDC heterojunction is doped through heavy ion irradiation, so that the light absorption wave band of the TMDC heterojunction is expanded to a solar blind ultraviolet range. The method overcomes the defects that impurities are easy to introduce, the uniformity is poor, the position is uncontrollable and the like in the doping process of other methods, the advantages that ions provided by an accelerator are high in purity, controllable in energy, controllable in number, accurate and controllable in position and the like are utilized, the defect that different concentrations can be doped in different areas of a device according to needs by adjusting the incident energy, the position and the irradiation time of the ions, and the device is high in doping efficiency. The photoresponse of the device is regulated and controlled through defect engineering, and the detection band of the device is widened to the deep ultraviolet band.

The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of neutron detection, and it relates to a structure for slow neutron detection and a method for energy spectrum measurement of slow neutrons, wherein the structure for slow neutron detection comprises: a shielding barrel, which is configured as square with an opening; and a detector unit, which is a slow neutron detector with position resolution function, wherein the detector unit is completely wrapped in the shielding barrel, and the detector unit is placed close to one of the sides of the shielding barrel that is perpendicular to the open side of the shielding barrel. When the structure for slow neutron detection moves at a set speed, the incident energy spectrum of slow neutrons can be inversely extrapolated on the basis of the number of slow neutrons at different depths.

The utility model relates to an infrared image sensor wafer response rate testing device, which comprises a black body assembly, a shutter assembly, a diaphragm assembly, an acquisition assembly, a probe assembly and an upper computer, the acquisition assembly comprises an acquisition plate for acquiring the temperature of the first black body or the second black body, the probe assembly comprises a probe station playing a supporting role and a probe card for arranging a probe, a bearing plate for bearing a wafer is arranged in the probe station, the acquisition plate acquires information of the first black body and the second black body, and the probe card is used for clamping the first black body and the second black body. The acquisition board further comprises information acquisition under the condition that the first shutter, the second shutter and the diaphragm are adjusted, and a probe on the probe card is electrically connected with the upper computer and transmits the acquired information to the upper computer for testing. According to the utility model, by arranging the black body assembly, the wafer response rate of the chip on the wafer can be conveniently tested, and meanwhile, the chip on the wafer can be directly tested, so that the test efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to a fire threshold energy analysis and prediction method for solid combustible materials under strong explosion fireball heat radiation, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, a fire threshold energy analysis and prediction method for solid combustible materials under a strong explosion fireball heat radiation scene is not systematic enough, the prediction result is not high in reliability, and the prediction cost is low. And actual requirements are difficult to meet. Comprising the following steps: S1, establishing a heat transfer-pyrolysis numerical calculation model under thermal radiation loading of the solid combustible; s2, obtaining thermophysical parameters, surface reflectivity parameters, pyrolysis kinetic parameters and pyrolysis reaction latent heat of the solid combustible; s3, determining the ignition characteristic temperature and the critical pyrolysis gas mass flow rate of the solid combustible; and S4, based on a heat transfer-pyrolysis numerical calculation model and the material parameters determined in the step S2, performing numerical simulation on the heat effect process of the solid combustible, and performing iterative calculation in combination with the ignition characteristic temperature determined in the step S3 and the critical pyrolysis gas mass flow condition to determine the strong explosion fireball heat radiation incident energy corresponding to solid combustible ignition. Therefore, fire threshold energy analysis and prediction under the thermal radiation of the specific solid combustible strong explosion fireball are completed.

The present application belongs to the field of aircraft design technology, and particularly relates to a method for identifying electromagnetic sensitive areas on aircraft surfaces. The method comprises step S1, a panel is provided in front of the aircraft, a ray source of uniform density is provided on the panel, and the ray source is directed to the surface of the aircraft in a direction parallel to the X-axis of the aircraft; step S2, the density of ray landing points on the surface of the aircraft is counted to obtain the illuminated area with the highest landing point density, the shadow area with the lowest landing point density, and the transition area between the two; step S3, using rays to simulate electromagnetic waves, the rays are directed to the surface of the aircraft in a direction parallel to the X-axis of the aircraft in front of the aircraft, and the emitted energy of the rays after irradiating the surface of the aircraft is calculated; step S4, the area where the emitted energy accounts for more than 60% of the incident energy is counted as a high scattering area; step S5, the high scattering area, or the illuminated area and the transition area are regarded as the electromagnetic sensitive area on the surface of the aircraft. The present application effectively solves key problems such as the zoning layout of airborne equipment and the zoning control of surface electromagnetic defects.

The invention provides a preparation method and application of a boron target for generating a high-energy photon radiation field, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing filtered boron elementary substance with mineral oil, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed; standing for a certain time until the boron elementary substance is uniformly suspended, dipping the boron elementary substance on the upper layer of the mineral oil by using a brush, and uniformly coating on the surface of the substrate; the substrate is placed in a drying box to be baked under flowing air till the mineral oil is completely evaporated, and the boron target coated with the boron elementary substance layer is obtained. The preparation method of the boron target is easy and convenient to operate, professional equipment is not needed, and the prepared boron target is durable and not prone to damage. A proton beam with incident energy greater than or equal to 240keV and beam intensity greater than or equal to 15mu A is used for bombarding the boron target, and a stable high-energy photon radiation field with a dose rate greater than 100mu Sv / h can be generated.

The present invention discloses a fast neutron imaging detector and an imaging method based on a chlorine-containing halide scintillation screen. The fast neutron imaging detector includes a fast neutron scintillator conversion screen, an optical path system for collecting and reflecting the scintillation fluorescence emitted by the fast neutron scintillator conversion screen, and a detection imaging system. The imaging object is located in front of the fast neutron scintillator conversion screen, the optical path system is located behind the fast neutron scintillator conversion screen, and the detection imaging system is located on the side of the optical path system. The fast neutron scintillator conversion screen of the present invention comprises a chlorine-containing copper-based halide perovskite Cs5Cu3Cl 8‑x I x , and the fast neutron scintillator conversion screen is based on 35 the Cl(n,p) nuclear reaction to detect fast neutrons. Compared with the nuclear recoil method, 35 the Cl(n,p) nuclear reaction generates secondary protons with a smaller average energy and better monochromaticity for fast neutrons with the same incident energy, resulting in a smaller fluorescence diffusion distribution, and thus a better imaging spatial resolution is obtained.

The invention provides an ion irradiation-based superconducting thin film and a thermal property regulation and control method of a device thereof, which comprises the following steps of: S1, providing a substrate, and growing a superconducting thin film on the substrate; s2, preparing a superconducting device with a micron-scale or nano-scale line width structure; s3, performing ion implantation analog simulation on the superconducting thin film and the superconducting device by adopting SRIM software, and determining an ion type, incident energy, an incident angle and an ion implantation dose; s4, according to the data determined in the previous step, performing ion irradiation treatment on the superconducting thin film and the superconducting device by adopting ion injection equipment; and S5, testing the thermal properties of the superconducting thin film and the superconducting device after the ion radiation treatment. The thermal properties of the superconducting thin film and the device thereof can be accurately regulated and controlled without changing the chemical components of the material, the post-processing optimization can be realized, the sensitivity, the response speed and the working stability of the superconducting device can be accurately regulated and controlled, and the method has important scientific significance and application value.

Systems and methods are provided for forming an energy filter layer or shutter assembly, including an actively electrically switchable energy / light directing / scattering layer. The energy filter or shutter assembly is operable between at least a first mode, in which the layer and thus the presentation of the shutter assembly appear substantially transparent when viewed from the energy / light incident side, and a second mode, in which the layer and thus the presentation of the energy filter or shutter assembly appear opaque to incident energy impinging on the energy incident side. The different modes are selectable by electrically energizing, differently energizing and / or de-energizing an electric field near the energy scattering layer, including an electric field generated between a pair of transparent electrodes sandwiching the energy scattering layer. The refractive index of the transparent particles and the transparent matrix in which the particles are fixed is tunable according to the applied electric field.

This utility model discloses an encapsulation component for improving the power generation of a module under low irradiance, comprising, from top to bottom, an antireflective front glass, an antireflective film, a stacked crystalline silicon cell, a transparent film, and a grid-coated high-reflectivity back glass. The antireflective front glass includes high-transparency glass and a double-layer coating layer disposed on the upper surface of the high-transparency glass. The antireflective high-refractive-index film includes a cross-linked elastomer film layer disposed near the antireflective front glass and a high-refractive-index film layer disposed near the stacked crystalline silicon cell. This utility model features a double-coating design for the upper high-transparency glass, which improves light transmittance and incident rate, thereby increasing the incident energy of light reaching the solar cells and increasing module power. The middle anti-reflective high-refractive-index film layer, through a double-layer refractive index difference design, reduces the loss of light due to refraction and reflection caused by the refractive index difference, thereby increasing the incident light reaching the solar cells and increasing module power generation efficiency. The bottom layer of high-reflective grid-coated glass is a white grid-coated glass, which improves the secondary utilization rate of incident light. Matching the uppermost low-thickness anti-reflective glass, it can effectively ensure the overall mechanical load design of the module.

The invention relates to an X-ray reflector diffraction efficiency calibration device and calibration method, belongs to the technical field of X-ray reflector calibration, and solves the technical problem of low calibration precision of the X-ray reflector diffraction efficiency. The device comprises an X-ray emitting flange, a vacuum four-dimensional adjusting device, a vacuum and four-dimensional adjusting device controller, an adjustable element bracket, an X-ray detector, a cavity three-dimensional adjusting bracket, an X-ray source and a vacuum pump. The calibration method comprises the following steps: installing the X-ray reflector to be calibrated, and vacuumizing; the X-ray reflector to be measured generates diffraction; adjusting the positions of an X-ray reflector to be calibrated and an X-ray detector for receiving diffracted X-rays, and solidifying a diffraction light path; and adjusting the energy of the incident X-ray to obtain a diffraction efficiency-incident energy relation curve at the diffraction angle. The X-ray reflector diffraction efficiency calibration method is used for X-ray reflector diffraction efficiency calibration.

An illumination and visualization device is provided along with a method of illuminating and visualizing and a formulation for an enhanced visualization (EV) coating for a baking pan or similar implement. The EV coating having a fluorescent component that shows the condition of the coating and any interfering materials that can adhere to the pan during use. The method and device for illumination and visualization can have a conveyance device which moves baked goods pans. The pans are illuminated with a known energy source or light. As noted, the EV coating having been applied as, for instance but not limited to, a release or non-adhesion coating layer reacts with and re-emits or reflects energy when subjected to certain incident energy forms or frequencies in the form of, for instance, light. The device can then provide an image of the pan and highlight any variations in the light re-emitted by the coating which can indicate wear on the coating or, in another non-limiting example, the presence of baked on debris.

The present invention discloses a method for determining the secondary electron emission coefficient of a random dot matrix, including: establishing a three-dimensional position model of the dot matrix spatial structure; determining a standard incident electron set; calculating the number of secondary electrons generated when N incident electrons with an initial incident energy of E 0 , an initial incident angle of θ 0 are incident on the three-dimensional position model of the dot matrix spatial structure; calculating the secondary electron emission coefficient of the three-dimensional position model of the dot matrix spatial structure at an initial incident energy of E 0 , an initial incident angle of θ 0 ; obtaining the experimental value of the secondary electron emission coefficient obtained through experiments and determining a correction coefficient; changing the initial incident energy and the initial incident angle of the incident electrons, calculating the secondary electron emission coefficients of the three-dimensional position model of the dot matrix spatial structure at different initial incident energies E k , different initial incident angles θ k , and outputting the results after correction. The present invention realizes the determination of the secondary electron emission coefficient of a 3D printed random dot matrix, and has the advantages of stable physical structure and excellent combination with devices.

A thin film photovoltaic device is configured for receiving and converting a target wavelength range of light to electricity: The photovoltaic device includes a substrate, a bottom electrode disposed over the substrate, a lower carrier transport layer disposed over the bottom electrode, a perovskite absorber layer disposed over the lower carrier transport layer, an upper carrier transport layer disposed over the perovskite absorber layer, and a top electrode disposed over the upper carrier transport layer. The perovskite absorber layer has a physical thickness of 900 nm or less and is characterized by a bandgap energy (BE). At least one of the top and bottom 2024 / 039846 electrodes includes a transparent conducting layer which is transparent to the target wavelength range of light. The perovskite absorber layer has an optical path length that is greater than or equal to 8 times the physical thickness of the perovskite absorber layer for incident radiation that is i) within the target wavelength range, and ii) within an incident energy range of BE to (BE+0.52 eV).

The invention provides an aluminum alloy electron range estimation method, system and device and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of space radiation protection, and the method comprises the steps: generating a particle transport calculation model of an aluminum alloy according to the component proportion and geometric characteristics corresponding to the aluminum alloy; according to the particle transport calculation model, through a Monte Carlo simulation method, obtaining original range data of electrons after interaction with the aluminum alloy through preset incident energy data; according to the range original data, the range-energy mapping relation of the aluminum alloy is obtained; determining a continuous estimation function through an interpolation algorithm according to the range-energy mapping relation; and outputting a real-time range estimation result of the target electron in the aluminum alloy through the continuous estimation function in combination with the real-time incident energy of the target electron. Based on the actual components and the geometric structure of the aluminum alloy, the estimation precision and efficiency of the electronic range in the aluminum alloy are improved by using the continuous estimation function.

The application provides a method for controlling thermal performance of superconducting thin film and device based on ion irradiation, comprising the following steps: S1, providing a substrate and growing a superconducting thin film on the substrate; S2, preparing a superconducting device with micron or nanometer level line width structure; S3, using SRIM software to respectively simulate ion implantation of the superconducting thin film and the superconducting device, and determining ion type, incident energy, incident angle and ion implantation dose; S4, using ion implantation equipment to respectively perform ion irradiation treatment on the superconducting thin film and the superconducting device according to the data determined in the previous step; and S5, testing thermal performance of the superconducting thin film and the superconducting device after ion irradiation treatment. The application can accurately control thermal performance of the superconducting thin film and the device without changing material chemical composition, and can also realize post-treatment optimization, so that sensitivity, response speed and working stability of the superconducting device can be accurately controlled, which has important scientific significance and application value.

The invention discloses a fast neutron imaging detector and imaging method based on a chlorine-containing halide scintillation screen, and the detector comprises a fast neutron scintillator conversion screen, a light path system which is used for collecting and reflecting scintillation fluorescence emitted by the fast neutron scintillator conversion screen, and a detection imaging system. An imaging object is located in front of the fast neutron scintillator conversion screen, the light path system is located behind the fast neutron scintillator conversion screen, and the detection imaging system is located on the side of the light path system. The fast neutron scintillator conversion screen comprises chlorine-containing copper-based halide perovskite Cs5Cu3Cl8-xIx, and the fast neutron scintillator conversion screen is used for detecting fast neutrons based on a 35Cl (n, p) nuclear reaction. Compared with a nuclear recoil method, the 35Cl (n, p) nuclear reaction has the advantages that the average energy of secondary protons generated by fast neutrons with the same incident energy is small, the monochromaticity is better, fluorescence diffusion distribution is smaller, and therefore better imaging spatial resolution is obtained.

The invention relates to a CT image correction method and device, computer equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the base material decomposition of a to-be-corrected image, obtaining a base material image, calculating the density of a base material according to the base material image, obtaining the incident energy spectrum of a detector unit of a CT system in each energy interval, and carrying out the calculation of the density of the base material according to the incident energy spectrum and the density of the base material. The hardening error of the to-be-corrected image is calculated, and the to-be-corrected image is corrected according to the hardening error, so that the CT image is corrected by using the accurate base material density calculated by the base material image, the problem of low accuracy of the CT image correction method is solved, the accuracy of the CT image correction is improved, and meanwhile, the accuracy of the CT image correction is improved. During correction, the base material image of the to-be-corrected image does not need to be segmented, so that the CT image correction efficiency is improved.

A system and method are provided for forming energy filter layers or shutter components, including energy scattering layers that are actively electrically switchable. The energy filters or shutter components are operable between at least a first mode in which the layers, and thus the presentation of the shutter components, appear substantially transparent when viewed from an energy / light incident side, and a second mode in which the layers, and thus the presentation of the energy filters or shutter components, appear opaque to the incident energy impinging on the energy incident side. The differing modes are selectable by electrically energizing, differentially energizing and / or de-energizing electric fields in a vicinity of the energy scattering layers. Refractive indices of transparent particles, and the transparent matrices in which the particles are fixed, are tunable according to the applied electric fields. The energy scattering layers may conceal a sensor such as a camera or photovoltaic cell.

The application discloses a method and system for determining seismic energy and ground motion amplification coefficient under complex terrain geological conditions based on energy method and artificial intelligence, and belongs to the technical field of earthquake engineering and geotechnical engineering. The method comprises the following steps: determining the energy of a seismic source; calculating the energy attenuation on the seismic wave propagation path; calculating the energy transformation of different geological interfaces; extracting terrain feature parameters and constructing a training database to train a deep neural network to determine the energy distribution coefficient of a complex combined terrain; predicting the energy distribution coefficient of each point of a target site; combining the incident energy of bedrock to calculate the ground motion amplification coefficient and perform energy conservation correction; and finally outputting an amplification coefficient distribution map. The application combines physical mechanisms with artificial intelligence, can efficiently and accurately predict the ground motion amplification effect of complex combined terrains (such as mountain groups and valleys), and the result conforms to energy conservation, so that the application can provide a scientific basis for seismic zoning and engineering seismic design.

A particularly-formed multi-layer micron-sized particle is provided that is substantially transparent, yet that exhibits selectable coloration based on its physical properties. The disclosed physical properties of the particle are controllably selectable refractive indices to provide an opaque-appearing energy transmissive material when pluralities of the particles are suspended in a substantially transparent matrix material. Multiply-layered (up to 30+constituent layers) particles result in an overall particle diameter of less than 5 microns. The material suspensions render the particles deliverable as aspirated or aerosol compositions onto substrates to form layers that selectively scatter specific wavelengths of electromagnetic energy while allowing remaining wavelengths of the incident energy to pass. The disclosed particles and material compositions uniquely implement optical light scattering techniques in energy (or light) transmissive layers that appear selectively opaque, while allowing 80+% of the energy impinging on the light incident side to pass through the layers.

The present invention relates to the technical field of neutral beam probe measurement, and provides a diagnostic method and system for measuring the potential and electric field of plasma. The method comprises: on the basis of acquired operation parameters of a magnetic confinement fusion apparatus and related parameter data of candidate particle elements, calculating signal-to-noise ratios; on the basis of the signal-to-noise ratios, selecting a neutral beam particle element, and iteratively calculating beam current trajectories of different incident energy, incident angles, and sampling areas to obtain preset parameters that enable a beam trajectory to pass through an entrance slit of an analyzer; injecting a neutral beam meeting preset parameter requirements into plasma; using the analyzer to measure primary ion beam energy of the neutral beam generated by collision ionization in a sampling area, and, on the basis of the law of conservation of energy, obtaining the potential of the sampling area; and testing different sampling areas to obtain a spatial distribution of the plasma potential and a radial electric field, so that the diagnostic ends. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the method has extremely important significance for in-depth research of the physical mechanisms of the radial electric field and Er×B shear flow in magnetic confinement fusion plasma for suppressing turbulence and improving confinement.

The present invention relates to the development of a luminescent solar concentrator reinforcement panel that captures and concentrates the maximum percentage of solar energy using specific methods. The solution is a luminescent solar panel (without translucent characteristics) capable of absorbing all incident energy without scattering on the opposite side. The light-emitting solar concentrator reinforcement panel is used in cooperation with sunlight, is composed of transparent materials, specifically distributed composite pigments (including diffusion and reflection elements), and is provided with a middle layer reflecting sunlight, photovoltaic strips arranged on the side edges of the transparent part, and a reflection base. Sunlight incident on the panel diffuses through the pigment and is trapped in the lower area through reflection between the funnel-shaped area and the middle layer and the reflection base at the bottom of the panel. The trapped light is kept concentrated and transmitted to the photovoltaic element through reflection. The invention is innovative in that it can create a luminescent solar concentrator reinforcement panel (LSC) that absorbs most of the incident energy and reduces energy loss. This application is very effective in that it can be used as a coating for opaque surfaces (non-glass surfaces) for the generation of green energy. Through the synergistic effect of all the components, the result can be achieved without expensive materials or equipment, and the method can be immediately put into industrial application.

The invention discloses a temperature measurement method based on pinhole imaging and machine learning and a related device, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the data of a particle source and a pinhole imaging system, and building a data set; establishing a machine learning model according to the data set, and predicting an empirical relationship between the deposition energy and the incident energy after penetrating through the high-energy section and the low-energy section through the machine learning model; according to the empirical relation between the deposition energy and the incident energy after penetrating through the high-energy section and the low-energy section, temperature distribution is obtained through calculation. According to the invention, through combination of pinhole imaging and machine learning technologies, the non-single-energy distribution characteristics of electron beams are considered, and the absorptivity of the IP board to electrons in different energy segments is comprehensively considered, so that more accurate measurement and finer reduction of temperature distribution are realized; therefore, the method has a wide application prospect and an important research value in the field of temperature measurement.

The invention discloses a neutron scattering experiment simulation method, device, equipment and product. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a scattering front-end model of a target scattering spectrometer; wherein the scattering front-end model comprises a neutron moderator and a slit; simulating the movement process of neutrons with different incident energies from the neutron moderator to the slit, and extracting neutron beam data in the movement process; constructing a sample environment model and a detector array model of the target scattering spectrometer; wherein a sample is arranged in the sample environment model; and performing a scattering experiment based on the neutron beam data of the selected incident energy, the sample environment model and the sample, intercepting neutrons after the scattering experiment by using the detector array model, and generating a scattering simulation result of the neutrons. The virtual scattering experiment method for the high-energy inelastic neutron scattering spectrometer is developed, so that the optimal setting of part of experiments can be cleared in a relatively low-time-cost manner before the real experiment is carried out, and the situation that the supply of the current spectrometer experiment machine is tense is relieved.

A system and method are provided for forming body structures including energy filters / shutter components, including energy / light directing / scattering layers that are actively electrically switchable. The filters or components are operable between at least a first mode in which the layers, and thus the presentation of the shutter components, appear substantially transparent when viewed from an energy / light incident side, and a second mode in which the layers, and thus the presentation of the energy filters or shutter components, appear opaque to the incident energy impinging on the energy incident side. The differing modes are selectable by electrically energizing, differentially energizing and / or de-energizing electric fields in a vicinity of the energy scattering layers, including electric fields generated between a paid of transparent electrodes sandwiching an energy scattering layer. Refractive indices of transparent particles, and the transparent matrices in which the particles are fixed, are tunable according to the applied electric fields.

The application discloses a DR-based ventilation measurement method and device, which comprises the following steps: obtaining body information of a user to be measured; matching the body information of the user to be measured with a pre-obtained incident energy reference benchmark set to obtain a corresponding incident energy reference benchmark; and exposing the body to be measured to the incident energy reference benchmark to obtain a ventilation image. The method can select a proper incident energy reference benchmark for exposure according to different bodies to be measured, so that a more accurate ventilation image is obtained. Therefore, the corresponding gas thickness and gas area at each moment are obtained based on the ventilation image and the incident energy reference benchmark, and accurate ventilation data is obtained. Meanwhile, the ventilation image is obtained based on digital X-ray photography, so that the ventilation can be measured while the X-ray image is taken.

The present application belongs to the technical field of component analysis, and relates to an X-ray fluorescence analysis correction method and an online ore component analysis method. The correction method adopts a Monte Carlo method to simulate the attenuation degree of X-rays in air, and obtains the reaction of X-rays in air. The energy of X-rays is taken as the horizontal coordinate, and the number of remaining X-rays after passing through a distance d of air is taken as the vertical coordinate. A curve is fitted to obtain the attenuation curve of X-rays in air. The Eval() function in the TGraph class is used for difference to obtain the transmittance of different incident energies. The obtained transmittance is used to correct the real yield of each element in the measured sample. The correction method and the online ore component analysis method are applied to the ore component analysis process, and can make the component analysis equipment be used directly in air without a vacuum pump.