549 results about "Multiple copy" patented technology

The invention describes a method for the identification of compounds which bind to a target component of a biochemical system or modulate the activity of the target, comprising the steps of: a) compartmentalising the compounds into microcapsules together with the target, such that only a subset of the repertoire is represented in multiple copies in any one microcapsule; and b) identifying the compound which binds to or modulates the activity of the target; wherein at least one step is performed under microfluidic control. The invention enables the screening of large repertoires of molecules which can serve as leads for drug development.

The invention relates to Agrobacterium mediated transformation of moulds comprising species of the fungal sub-divisions Ascomycotina, Basidiomycotina, Deuteromycotina, Mastigomycotina, and Zygomycotina.Examples demonstrate the transformation of Aspergillus awamori (both protoplasts and conidia), Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus niger, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium solani pisi, Neurospora crassa, Trichoderma reesei, Pleurotus ostreatus and Agaricus bisporus (all conidia), and Fusarium graminearum (both conidia and rehydrated freeze dried ATCC material).Especially for Aspergillus awamori the transformation frequency is much higher than with conventional mould transformation techniques.It has further been found that not only one expressable gene can be introduced into these moulds, but even multiple copies of such gene, which, moreover, can be targeted e.g. in the chromosomal pyrG locus, as exemplified for A. awamori. These multiple copies can be of a gene encoding a desired, homologous or heterologous, protein.

The invention describes a method for the identification of compounds which bind to a target component of a biochemical system or modulate the activity of the target, by compartmentalizing the compounds into microcapsules together with the target, such that only a subset of the repertoire is represented in multiple copies in any one microcapsules; and identifying the compound which binds to or modulates the activity of the target. The invention enables the screening of large repertoires of molecules which can serve as leads for drug development.

A method for controlling errors in a wireless link layer using a simultaneous multiple copy scheme and an adaptive forward error correction (FEC) scheme in a wideband wireless communication is provided. The method for controlling errors in a link layer in wideband wireless communication using an automatic repeat request (ARQ) scheme, in which a wideband wireless channel is used for communication between a first node and a second node, includes the steps of (a) estimating the error ratio of a forward (a direction in which a cell is transmitted from the first node to the second node) channel using the state of a backward (a direction in which a cell is transmitted from the second node to the first node) channel, and transmitting a cell, in which a forward error correction (FEC) code having an encoding ratio that varies depending on the estimated error ratio is included in a protocol data unit (PDU) of a wireless link layer, through the forward channel and (b) re-transmitting the copy of a cell transmitted in the step (a), when feedback information that indicates that an error exists in the cell transmitted in the step (a) is received through the backward channel. It is possible to reduce the number of times of re-transmission by improving the probability of correcting forward errors using more error controlling bits as the state of the channel is worse and to minimize the waste of resources using less error controlling bits as the state of the channel is better, to thus obtain the optimal performance and guarantee the minimum delay time.

A disk drive is disclosed comprising a disk, and a head actuated over the disk. Control circuitry within the disk drive is operable to write a plurality of code segments to a primary area of the disk, and write the code segments to a backup area of the disk. The control circuitry reads the code segments from the primary area of the disk and executes the code segments read from the primary area of the disk. After reading the code segments from the primary area of the disk and executing the code segments, the control circuitry verifies recoverability of the code segments from the backup area of the disk, and when the verification fails, copies the code segments from the primary area of the disk to the backup area of the disk.

A system for testing middleware of applications in the N-tiered model. The test system contains test code generators, test engines to execute multiple copies of the test code and a data analyzer to analyze and present the results to a human user. The system is able to automatically generate test code to exercise components of the middleware using information about these components that would otherwise be available to the application under test. Multiple copies of the test code are executed in a synchronized fashion. Execution times of multiple events are recorded and then presented in one of several formats. With the system, an application developer can identify components that represent performance bottlenecks or can gather information on deployment properties of individual components that can be used to enhance the performance of the application under test.

A system for remotely testing middleware of applications in the N-tiered model across a network. The test system contains test code generators, test engines to execute multiple copies of the test code and a data analyzer to analyze and present the results to a human user. The system is able to automatically generate test code to exercise remotely located components of the middleware using information about these components that would otherwise be available to the application under test. Multiple copies of the test code are executed in a synchronized fashion. Execution times of multiple events are recorded and then presented in one of several formats. By use of the system, an application developer can receive test results about components that represent performance bottlenecks or can be made aware of information on deployment properties of individual components that can be used to enhance the performance of the application under test.

A monitoring system for a distributed environment including a plurality of hosts capable of executing multiple copies of a scalable application includes a first device for generating first data corresponding to performance of all copies of the scalable application; a second device for generating second data corresponding to performance of all host in the distributed environment; and a third device for generating performance metrics based on the first and second data.

Because correct configuration data is essential to the operation of any RAID system, and because multiple copies of the configuration data are kept, not only in the RAID controller itself, but also in each disk drive unit in the configuration, it is imperative that the various copies of the configuration data do not become "out of synchronization", which means that one or more copies of the configuration data are different from one or more other copies of the configuration data. To maintain synchronization of all copies of the configuration data, the current invention compares the configuration data stored in the RAID controllers' NVRAM to that of the current system, and records any new, non-responding, repositioned or unidentified storage devices in a change list. The identities and the attachment points of any storage devices in the change list are then displayed to the user, and various options for correcting the lack of synchronization are provided by enabling one or more function keys that may be selected by the user. One such function key, an "accept change" key, causes the configuration data to be modified by changing the current operational state of any non-responding storage device. A "configuration adjustment" key, when selected by the user, causes the configuration data to be modified to reflect any changes in the attachments points of any repositioned storage deices. An "import configuration" key causes the configuration data to be changed to correspond to that of an unidentified storage device. And a "retry" key gives the user an opportunity to rearrange the system and then re-compares the configuration data in the controller to the current system configuration. When the system is operating in un-attended mode, means are disclosed to automatically perform the "accept change", "configuration adjustment" and "import configuration" functions in priority order so long as the "retry" key has not been enabled. The retry key implies attended operation.

Paralleling processing system and method. When clusters are formed based on strongly connected components, a single cluster (fat cluster) having at least a predetermined number of blocks, or an expected processing time exceeding a predetermined threshold, is formed. The fat cluster is subjected to an unrolling process to make multiple copies of the processing of the fat cluster and to assign the copies to individual processors. Processing of the fat cluster is executed by the multiple processor devices in a pipelined manner. If a fat cluster to be iteratively executed cannot be executed in the pipelined manner because a processing result of an n^th iteration of the fat cluster depends on a processing result of a preceding iteration of the fat cluster an input value needed for execution of the fat cluster is generated based on a certain prediction, and the fat cluster is speculatively executed.

Candidates for biological activity are screened in capsules, each capsule containing a candidate, a target (which may be a molecular species or a biological cell or multiple copies of such a species or cell), and an intelligent substance. The target is one with which a successful candidate will interact to evoke a particular response in the target, and the intelligent substance is one that undergoes a transformation as a result of the response, the transformation being detectable by observation of the capsule itself. The candidate and the target are isolated from each other in the capsule until a designated point in time thereby enabling the operator to control the time interval between exposure of the target to the candidate and the observation of the capsule to determine whether or not a successful interaction has occurred and the transformation has taken place.

A system for automating the recovery of a credential store, in which client software generates a temporary key pair based on a new password, and sends client information including the user's name, the public half of the temporary key pair, and the host name of the client computer system to a server system, from which the client information is passed to a recovery process. The client software process displays a prompt indicating that the user should call a help desk. A help desk administrator verifies the user's identity and approves the user's request by causing an approval message to be sent to the recovery process. The recovery process obtains recovery information consisting of either the decryption key(s) for the credential store, or a decrypted copy of the credential store, and encrypts the recovery information using the temporary public key. The client process downloads the recovery information from the server, and decrypts it using private key of the temporary key pair. The credential store can then be decrypted using the recovery information if necessary, then re-encrypted based on the new password. The encrypted recovery information is stored on the server and re-used for a certain period of time, after which it is deleted, thus allowing multiple copies of the credential store to be conveniently recovered.