The invention relates to an automatic docking system and method based on an omnidirectional vehicle and an assembling station and belongs to the automatic logistics and assembling technology field. The method is advantaged in that 1), a laser displacement sensor is employed to measure vehicle body front attitude in real time, automatic docking is accomplished through continuously adjusting vehicle body movement, high-precision docking can be realized, precision and an offset value is controlled within 0.5mm, and the method is more stable and reliable compared with other docking schemes; 2), compared with manual docking, the automatic docking time is short, efficiency is high, the zero load docking time is shorter than 1 minute, and the full load butt joint docking time is shorter than 2 minutes; 3), low cost, small size and convenient mounting are realized; and 4), the method is applied to automatic assembling production, the automation level and efficiency are improved, and the labor time is reduced.