The invention provides a transformer cooling device, the transformer cooling device is arranged on a transformer cooling fin, the transformer cooling device comprises a temperature acquisition module, a temperature control module and a cooling processing module, the temperature acquisition module is arranged at the upper part of the transformer cooling fin, the temperature acquisition module is also connected with the temperature control module. And the cooling processing module is connected with the temperature control module. The invention further provides a transformer cooling method, a temperature reference value is set, the temperature data of the transformer are collected, then the temperature data and the temperature reference value are compared through the temperature control module, whether the valve is opened or not is determined, and if the valve is opened, cooling water flows to the cooling fin of the transformer for cooling. According to the transformer cooling device and method, a water cooling method is adopted, the influence of environmental factors on the heat dissipation efficiency is eliminated, the heat dissipation efficiency is effectively improved, the model type of the transformer is not required, and the transformer does not need to be changed.