The invention discloses a school bag. The school bag comprises a school bag body, a zipper, straps, a locking assembly, a battery, a palm vein collection screen and a control system; the school bag body is provided with the zipper, the straps, the palm vein collection screen, a solar power generation board and a battery pack, and the battery is arranged in the battery pack; the locking assembly comprises a puller, a fixing piece, a first connecting piece, a second connecting piece, locking pieces, driving pieces, rotating pieces, threaded rods and sliding pieces. The invention provides an anti-theft system of the school bag. The anti-theft system comprises a palm vein collection module, a palm vein storage module, a palm vein recognition module, a controller, a display module, a driving module, an alarm module, a positioning module, a signal transceiving module and a wireless communication module. The anti-theft system has a positioning function, unlocking is conducted by using a palmvein technique, the operation is simple, the efficiency of recognizing the palm veins is high, the recognition accuracy is high, the safety is excellent, the energy is saved, and the environment is protected.