The invention belongs to the field of transport supervision technology and particularly relates to a transport supervision system based on position and card port track comparison and a supervision method of the system. The system comprises a data collection and analysis module, a video access analysis module, a transport management big data center module, a networking joint control module, a dynamic supervision information processing module and an enterprise integrated application management module. According to the method, valuable processing and analysis are performed on transport administration service data, operation enterprise/operation vehicle/employee data and video card port data through the transport management big data center module, various data marts needed by a service systemare formed, and data exchange and sharing are supplied by an exchange and sharing platform to the service system. Through the transport supervision system, dynamic supervision and management can be performed on road transport vehicles effectively, sharing, unified supervision and effective supervision of the data are realized, the management level of the transport management industry is greatly raised, and safety production hidden danger is lowered.