The invention relates to a solution dehumidification unit based on return air cooling capacity recovery, and belongs to the technical field of solution dehumidification. Comprising a unit shell, a fresh air inlet and a return air inlet are formed in one side of the shell, a fresh air outlet is formed in the other side of the shell, a return air outlet is formed in the upper side of the shell, and a filter, a fresh air and return air heat exchanger, a direct evaporation section and an axial flow fan are sequentially arranged in the shell in the flow direction of return air. A filter, a fresh air and return air heat exchanger, a solution dehumidification section and an air feeder are sequentially arranged in the shell in the flowing direction of fresh air. Compared with an existing solution dehumidification unit, a return air cooling capacity recycling method is directly utilized, heat released by solution heat absorption is reduced, fresh air solution dehumidification is achieved on the premise that return air cooling capacity is recycled, compared with a traditional solution dehumidification unit needing a matched refrigerating unit, the operation energy consumption of dehumidification is greatly reduced, energy is saved, environment is protected, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved. And the practicability is very high.