The invention discloses a road surface alarm device based on traffic safety, and particularly relates to the technical field of traffic facilities, the road surface alarm device comprises a road surface alarm box, a threaded groove is fixedly formed in the bottom of the road surface alarm box, a bolt is installed at the bottom of the threaded groove through threads, and a telescopic rod is installed at the bottom of the bolt through threads. By arranging an automatic cleaning mechanism, when the road surface alarm device is placed on a road, a truck and an earth moving vehicle often pass through the road surface warning device, dust brought by the earth moving vehicle and the truck is very large, and when the dust is blown to the warning device, patterns or characters on the alarm device cannot be seen clearly, so that normal judgment of drivers is influenced, and life safety of the drivers is seriously affected; at the moment, the automatic cleaning device is additionally arranged in the equipment, when patterns or characters on a warning device cannot be seen clearly, a water suction pump pumps out water in a water tank and transmits the water to a liquid separator, spraying and washing are conducted through an atomizing nozzle, and the driving risk of the driver is reduced.