The invention relates to a wedge-shaped automobile brake device based on proportional electromagnet driving. The device is mainly composed of a wedge block upper outer cover, a wedge block lower outer cover, an outer wedge-shaped block, an inner wedge-shaped block, a proportional electromagnet stator, a proportional electromagnet permanent magnet, balls, a brake caliper support, a brake caliper, a floating piston, an inner brake lining, an outer brake lining and a brake disc. A wedge-shaped friction self-force-amplifying mechanism in the mechanism achieves the friction self-force-application effect, and greatly reduces brake promotion force. The promotion force of the wedge-shaped mechanism is provided by a floating proportional electromagnet, and force can be exerted in two directions so that braking force control for the advancing working condition of an automobile and the backing up working condition of the automobile can be achieved. Accurate delivery of frictional force and positive pressure in the braking process is achieved through floating supporting of the piston, the inner brake lining and the outer brake lining, control accuracy of the braking force is guaranteed, self-adjusting of brake clearance is achieved through a return rubber seal ring, most parts of a traditional disc brake is reserved, and the wedge-shaped automobile brake device is simple in structure, compact in system, low in cost and easy to achieve.