The invention provides a double-bit-check coding and decoding method, can detect source data error generated due to interference, and effectively guarantees the correct transmission of data so as to solve the error code problem in data transmission with low cost. The method comprises a coding process, a decoding process and a checking process. In the coding process, when a frame of raw data is received, bit by bit logic negation is carried out to each data bit of the frame, the logic negations of the obtained raw data bits are the check bits of raw data bits, and coding is carried out to the raw data by adopting the mode of inserting each check bit of the raw data bits behind each data bit of the frame data. In the decoding process, decoding is carried out to receive coded data, and decoded raw data bits and decoded check data bits are respectively obtained. In the checking process, whether the decoding check bits are the logic negations of decoded raw data is judged, and when the decoding check bits are the logic negations of decoded raw data, the raw data are judged to be correctly transmitted.