The invention discloses a novel electrochemical treatment device for wastewater treatment and a wastewater treatment method. The electrochemical treatment device includes a high-frequency pulse power supply, electrochemical reaction units, a gas filling unit, a first agent-feeding unit, a second agent-feeding unit and a first auxiliary oxidation reaction unit; each electrochemical reaction unit comprises a reactor shell body, a negative electrode and a positive electrode, wherein the negative electrode and the positive electrode are arranged inside the reactor shell body; the high-frequency pulse power supply is connected with the negative electrodes and the positive electrodes; an electrochemical reaction cavity for accommodating wastewater is formed inside each reactor shell body; therefore, under the action of the current provided by the high-frequency pulse power supply and with the synergistic effect of the gas filling unit, the first agent-feeding unit, the second agent-feeding unit and the first auxiliary oxidation reaction unit, the wastewater undergoes electric flocculation, electric catalytic oxidation, electric gas floatation, electrolysis, ionization and other effects in the electrochemical reaction units, and pollutants in the wastewater are effectively removed; and the electrochemical treatment device has the advantages of relatively low energy consumption, good treatment effect, high degree of automation, good hygiene conditions of an operation environment and low running cost.