29 results about "Balanced mixer" patented technology

The invention discloses a microwave reflectometer system. An arbitrary waveform generator generates a microwave signal through an X-Ku signal source unit; the coaxial directional coupler divides the generated microwave signal into two paths, one path enters the transmitting unit, and the other path enters the reference unit; a microwave signal entering the transmitting unit is transmitted into the plasma through a fundamental mode rectangular waveguide in the transmitting circuit; the microwave signal entering the reference unit is subjected to flight time compensation through a delay line and then is mixed with a reflected signal received by the receiving unit in a balanced mixer; the calibration unit carries out secondary frequency mixing on the dispersion calibration voltage-time curve signal and the signal obtained after primary frequency mixing of the balanced frequency mixer so as to eliminate dispersion interference; the acquisition card acquires an output signal after secondary frequency mixing of the calibration unit. The system can be integrated with an ion cyclotron resonance antenna, the inherent defects of large attenuation and high dispersion of a long-distance fundamental mode waveguide are overcome, and a high-frequency fundamental mode waveguide through-wall scheme meeting ultrahigh vacuum performance index requirements is realized.

The utility model discloses a miniaturized image rejection frequency mixing circuit, which comprises two passive double-balanced frequency mixers, a local oscillator bridge, a phase shift circuit and a power divider, the first input ends of the first passive double-balanced mixer and the second passive double-balanced mixer are connected with an external antenna; the second input end of the first passive double-balanced mixer is connected with the first output end of the local oscillator bridge, the second input end of the second passive double-balanced mixer is connected with the second output end of the local oscillator bridge, and the output end of the first passive double-balanced mixer is connected with the input end of the phase shift circuit. The output end of the second passive double-balanced mixer is connected with the second input end of the power divider; the isolation end of the local oscillator bridge is connected with the load resistor, and the input end of the local oscillator bridge is connected with the frequency source; the output end of the phase shift circuit is connected with the first input end of the power divider, and the output end of the power divider is connected with an external circuit. According to the utility model, the size of the image rejection mixer can be obviously reduced, and miniaturization design of a radar receiver is facilitated.

The present invention discloses an improved multi-tube parallel structure double-balanced mixer, comprising a first balun, a diode mixing network, a second balun and an output matching network; the first balun and the second balun respectively convert a radio frequency signal and a local oscillator signal into a balanced signal and input them into the diode mixing network; after the diode mixing network performs branching and combining processing on the balanced signal, the mixing signal is output through an output matching network connected to the first balun tap. The present invention adopts a power-splitting-combining structure to improve the output power of the double-balanced mixer, so that the double-balanced mixer can achieve higher linearity, and at the same time, other indicators will not be deteriorated due to the increase in the size of the diode. In addition, the advantages of the double-balanced mixer, such as good intermodulation suppression, are retained, and good power output capacity and good input-output matching characteristics are achieved, avoiding the mismatch and performance deterioration caused by the increase in the diode size.

The invention relates to a microstrip double-balanced quadrature mixer, which comprises a power divider, a first three-port balun, a second three-port balun, a first double-balanced mixer, a second double-balanced mixer, a first four-port balun, a second four-port balun and a 90-degree directional coupler, a local oscillator signal port, a radio frequency signal port, a first intermediate frequency signal port and a second intermediate frequency signal port are arranged; wherein the output ends of the two three-port Baluns and the output ends of the two four-port Baluns generate a pair of differential signals with the difference of 180 degrees; the 90-degree directional coupler generates two radio frequency signals with the difference of 90 degrees; two intermediate frequency signals are led out from the isolation ports of the two four-port Baluns. Therefore, a group of orthogonal radio frequency differential signals can be generated through the 90-degree directional coupler, and frequency mixing processing is performed through the double-balanced frequency mixer, so that the isolation degree of a radio frequency port and a local oscillation port is greatly improved, leakage of signals of the local oscillation port and signals of an intermediate frequency port is suppressed, and the image frequency rejection degree is improved.

Apparatus and methods are provided for self-phase alignment in a phased-array transceiver. Detectors receive a first signal from a TX-path input of a first channel and a second signal from an RX-path output of a second channel, producing a DC value representing the phase difference between the signals, iteratively adjust RX phase shifters based on the DC values until the phase difference equals a predetermined amount, then apply a corrective phase opposite in sign and equal in magnitude to that amount to generate a final alignment value for normal operation. The predetermined amount may be ±90°. Each detector may include twin double-balanced mixers, a low-pass filter, and comparator. In one embodiment, a TX phase alignment is performed before the RX phase alignment, no additional RX-phase correction is required when the TX phase-offset values determined by the TX alignment are applied to each TX phase shifter for the RX alignment.

The invention belongs to the technical field of integrated circuits, and particularly relates to a frequency mixer applied to a satellite-borne wireless communication system. The circuit structure of the mixer comprises an anti-radiation mixer core circuit, a power detection circuit, an analog-to-digital converter and a control module circuit. An input signal is input to the anti-radiation mixer core circuit, and an output signal is generated and output to the power detection circuit. The power detection circuit processes the received signal, outputs a processing result to the analog-to-digital converter, receives an instruction of the control module circuit and generates an output signal of the whole circuit; the analog-to-digital converter converts a processing result output by the power detection circuit into a digital signal and outputs the digital signal to the control module circuit; the control module circuit performs judgment according to the input digital signal, generates a control signal for controlling the working mode of the anti-radiation mixer core circuit, and generates a control signal for controlling the power detection circuit and the analog-to-digital converter; the radiation-proof mixer core circuit is composed of two identical double-balanced mixers and four numerical control single-pole double-throw switches. Switching of the two paths of mixer circuits is controlled by a numerical control single-pole double-throw switch, and by applying the structure, the circuit failure probability caused by space irradiation can be remarkably reduced, and the anti-irradiation performance and the stability of the circuit are improved.

The utility model discloses a millimeter wave secondary down-conversion module, which relates to the technical field of microwave electronics, adopts a double-balanced mixer to integrate frequency conversion, filtering amplification and power division monitoring functions in the module, and compared with the traditional scheme, the millimeter wave secondary down-conversion module has the advantages that the volume is greatly reduced, and the cost is reduced. The shunt signals of the power divider are subjected to frequency conversion dynamic adaptation and intelligent AGC closed-loop control through the detection module, so that the technical bottlenecks of the traditional down-conversion module in volume, frequency band stiffness and reliability are overcome, and meanwhile, the rapid deployment capability of one module and multiple scenes is realized; and a high-performance and low-cost millimeter wave receiving solution is provided for 6G communication, a low-orbit satellite terminal and an intelligent radar system.

Systems, circuits, and methods for mixing signals are provided. An illustrative circuit may include mixer circuitry including multiple inputs and at least one output, where the multiple inputs are connected across a local oscillator. The circuit may further include a terminal Radio Frequency (RF) output circuitry that is isolated from the local oscillator, where the at least one output of the mixer circuitry is directly connected to an input of the terminal RF output circuitry. The circuit may further include terminal Intermediate Frequency (IF) output circuitry that is isolated from the local oscillator, where the at least one output of the mixer circuitry is directly connected to an input of the terminal IF output circuitry.

The application provides a single-balanced mixer circuit based on a carbon nanotube Schottky diode, comprising the following structure: one end of the carbon nanotube Schottky diode is connected with a 180-degree hybrid junction structure, and one end is connected with a fan-shaped open circuit line structure; a radio frequency input impedance matching network is located between a radio frequency input port and the 180-degree hybrid junction; a local oscillator input impedance matching network is located between a local oscillator input port and the 180-degree hybrid junction; the fan-shaped open circuit line structure is located between the carbon nanotube Schottky diode device and a 1 / 4 wavelength high-impedance microstrip line; the 1 / 4 wavelength high-impedance microstrip line is located between the fan-shaped open circuit line structure and an air bridge; the air bridge is transversely arranged on the radio frequency input impedance matching network; a thin film resistor and a plate capacitor are connected on a intermediate frequency output line. The mixer circuit provided by the application can realize lower conversion loss in a high frequency band, and greatly reduces the parasitic capacitance of the Schottky diode device and the substrate loss of the passive device.

This application relates to the field of microwave radio frequency technology, and in particular to a single-balanced mixer and system integrating second harmonic extraction and self-shielding functions. The single-balanced mixer includes: a branch-line coupler, a diode mixer unit, an RF input port, a local oscillator input port, and an intermediate frequency (IF) output port. The branch-line coupler includes two parallel transmission arms and two series transmission arms. The RF input port and the local oscillator input port are respectively connected to the input terminals of the branch-line coupler. The signal input terminal of the diode mixer unit is connected to the output terminal of the branch-line coupler, and the output terminal of the diode mixer unit is connected to the IF output port. A second harmonic extraction port is led out on the transmission line between the output terminal of the branch-line coupler and the signal input terminal of the diode mixer unit. By adopting this application, down-conversion of down-going reception and extraction of up-going second harmonic carrier are simultaneously achieved, solving the self-interference problem between transmission and reception, simplifying the circuit structure, and improving the RF energy utilization rate.

Method and apparatus are provided for self-phase and self-amplitude alignment for RF transmission. In one novel aspect, the apparatus directly compares the phase and amplitude at RF frequency and then adjusts the phase and amplitude as needed at RF frequency. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a plurality of detectors, each being coupled between radio frequency (RF) signals of two channels. The detector is switchable between a phase-detection mode that detects and outputs a phase direct current (DC) value indicating a phase difference, and an amplitude-detection mode that detects and outputs an amplitude DC value indicating an amplitude difference between. In one embodiment, each detector comprises a twin double-balanced mixers (TDBMs) with identical topology. A controller with a comparator and calibration circuit being configured to adjust phase shifter and / or VGA based on corresponding phase or amplitude offset value.

This application relates to the field of microwave radio frequency technology, and in particular to a single-balanced mixer and system integrating second harmonic extraction and self-shielding functions. The single-balanced mixer includes: a branch-line coupler, a diode mixer unit, an RF input port, a local oscillator input port, and an intermediate frequency (IF) output port. The branch-line coupler includes two parallel transmission arms and two series transmission arms. The RF input port and the local oscillator input port are respectively connected to the input terminals of the branch-line coupler. The signal input terminal of the diode mixer unit is connected to the output terminal of the branch-line coupler, and the output terminal of the diode mixer unit is connected to the IF output port. A second harmonic extraction port is led out on the transmission line between the output terminal of the branch-line coupler and the signal input terminal of the diode mixer unit. By adopting this application, down-conversion of down-going reception and extraction of up-going second harmonic carrier are simultaneously achieved, solving the self-interference problem between transmission and reception, simplifying the circuit structure, and improving the RF energy utilization rate.

The invention discloses an ultra-wideband double-balanced mixer with a configurable working mode, aiming at the condition that the power difference between a local oscillator input signal and a radio frequency input signal is large, voltage transformation ratio baluns with different impedance transformation ratios are configured at two signal input ports, the port matching degree is good, and the frequency conversion loss is reduced; for the condition that the input impedance of a frequency mixing loop is different under different local oscillator input powers, two corresponding working modes can be selected according to the power of a local oscillator input signal, so that the frequency mixer can work at a lower local oscillator input power under the condition that a small amount of frequency conversion loss is increased, and the application range of the frequency mixer is widened; aiming at leakage of a local oscillator signal to a radio frequency port caused by factors such as non-ideal characteristics of a balun, inconsistency of devices, substrate coupling and the like, a two-stage balun with a center-tapped transformer structure is designed to be cascaded with the balun, so that an intermediate-frequency signal output tap is provided, and the isolation degree between a local oscillator port and the radio frequency port is enhanced.

The invention discloses a high-performance dual-mode frequency multiplier circuit. The frequency multiplier can be applied to a millimeter wave band, and outputs frequency doubling and frequency tripling signals at the same time. The circuit comprises an input balun, an improved push-push frequency doubler, a frequency tripler based on a single balanced mixer, and an output balun. The input Balun converts an input single-ended fundamental wave signal into a differential signal; the improved push-push frequency doubler comprises a main body push-push frequency doubler formed by field-effect tubes M1 / M2 and a gain-enhanced cross coupling pair formed by field-effect tubes M3 / M4, and is used for completing secondary frequency doubling of a fundamental wave signal, wherein the main body push-push frequency doubler is formed by the field-effect tubes M1 / M2, and the gain-enhanced cross coupling pair is formed by the field-effect tubes M3 / M4. The frequency tripler based on the single balanced mixer completes self-mixing frequency tripling of a fundamental wave signal through output matching inductors L1 and L2 and blocking capacitors C5 and C6; and the output Balun finishes subtraction operation of the two paths of signals and then retains a triple frequency signal. The scheme of the invention has the characteristics of dual-mode frequency multiplication ratio, high gain and simple structure.

The present invention discloses a double-balanced mixer, comprising: a coupling transformer, first and second diode string circuits, and a first coil assembly. The coupling transformer receives a first input signal and generates at least one set of signals with opposite voltage phases. The first diode string circuit is coupled to the coupling transformer and generates a first node voltage based on a first set of bias voltages. The second diode string circuit is coupled to the coupling transformer and generates a second node voltage based on a second set of bias voltages. The first coil assembly is coupled to the first and second diode string circuits, receives the first and second node voltages and the second input signal, and generates an output signal. The first node voltage is equal to the second node voltage.

The invention discloses a radio frequency receiver front-end circuit, relates to the technical field of radio frequency integrated circuit design, and aims to solve the problems of large chip area, low current utilization rate and high power consumption of a radio frequency receiver front-end cascade circuit in the prior art. The circuit comprises a first transimpedance amplifier, a second transimpedance amplifier and a target stacked circuit structure, the target stacked circuit structure is a circuit formed by stacking an orthogonal low-noise amplifier, a double-balanced mixer and a voltage-controlled oscillator; the orthogonal low-noise amplifier, the double-balanced mixer and the voltage-controlled oscillator share one current source; the orthogonal low-noise amplifier is connected with the double-balanced mixer; the voltage-controlled oscillator is connected with the double-balanced mixer; the first transimpedance amplifier is connected with the double-balanced mixer, and the second transimpedance amplifier is connected with the double-balanced mixer; therefore, the current utilization rate of the front-end cascade circuit of the radio frequency receiver is improved, and the area of a circuit chip and the power consumption of the circuit are reduced.

The invention, which relates to the technical field of terahertz communication, discloses a dual-polarization double-sideband terahertz front-end receiving system comprising a frequency multiplier, an orthogonal mode converter, an unmatched load coupler, a frequency mixer, a coupler and a low-pass filter. The working frequency of the receiving system is 640 GHz, and the receiving system has multiple functions of frequency mixing, frequency doubling, wave detection, power distribution, coupling, polarization rotation and the like. Compared with a traditional single-polarization receiving structure, the system can receive two kinds of polarization signals at the same time, the instantaneous bandwidth is improved through sideband separation, local oscillator noise and mirror image sideband noise are effectively restrained through the balanced mixer, and therefore the sensitivity of the system is improved. In addition, a traditional plane chain type framework is optimized into a longitudinal stacking framework, high integration of a passive circuit and an active circuit is achieved, and the application requirements of high performance and high integration degree are met.

The invention relates to a passive double-balanced mixer. The passive double-balanced mixer comprises a local oscillator balun, a local oscillator coupling line, a diode ring, a radio frequency balun and an intermediate frequency lead-out circuit. The local oscillator balun and the radio frequency balun are each of a balun structure with three metal layers, and efficient coupling of differential signals is achieved through the mode that single-end signals flow in from the center feed-in point of the third metal structure in the balun structures and the vertically-overlapped microstrip lines. And the amplitude-phase consistency of differential signals is further improved through the local oscillator coupling line with the three-layer metal structure. According to the invention, the isolation performance of the passive double-balanced mixer is enhanced, low frequency conversion loss and high isolation are realized in an ultra-wideband range, and the mixing efficiency and signal integrity of the passive double-balanced mixer are improved.

The utility model relates to the technical field of frequency mixers, and discloses a passive double-balanced frequency mixer, which comprises a passive frequency mixer main body, a frequency mixer protection shell, an upper detachable protection plate, an interface device, an interface breakage-proof layer, an upper sound insulation and heat dissipation layer, a main board, a frequency mixer chipset, fixing screws and a lower sound insulation and heat dissipation layer, the passive frequency mixer main body comprises a frequency mixer protection shell and an upper layer detachable protection plate, the upper layer detachable protection plate is detachably installed above the frequency mixer protection shell, the left side, the right side and the front side of the frequency mixer protection shell are provided with interface anti-breaking layers, and the interface device is installed on one side of the interface anti-breaking layers. Through the arrangement of the passive mixer main body, the effect of reducing the operation temperature during the operation of the mixer chipset can be conveniently achieved through the heat dissipation function of the passive mixer main body, the product quality is improved, sound insulation can be performed through the upper sound insulation and heat dissipation layer and the lower sound insulation and heat dissipation layer during the operation, and the noise during the operation is reduced.

This invention discloses an oscillator loop phase noise suppression structure and method, relating to the field of microwave signal source technology. It includes: a low 1 / f phase noise amplifier; a first coupler input connected to the output of the low 1 / f phase noise amplifier, with a through port connected to the LO terminal of a double-balanced mixer; an oscillator amplifier input connected to the coupled output of the first coupler; a voltage-controlled phase shifter connected at one end to the oscillator amplifier and at the other end to the input of a second coupler; a power port of the second coupler connected to the RF terminal of the double-balanced mixer; and an IF terminal of the double-balanced mixer connected to the VCP operating voltage port of the voltage-controlled phase shifter after passing through an integrator (PI). By combining the low 1 / f phase noise amplifier with a high-gain amplifier, high gain and ultra-low phase noise can be achieved.

The application discloses a low-stray intelligent spread spectrum device for a spectrum analyzer, comprising a segmented filter low-stray frequency multiplication chain, a low-loss balanced mixer and an FPGA intelligent module, the segmented filter low-stray frequency multiplication chain is used to realize low-stray frequency multiplication, and a balanced fundamental mixer is combined to improve the stray suppression performance of the spread spectrum device; the single balanced fundamental mixer with a fin line-suspended microstrip line type structure has the advantage of low frequency conversion loss, and greatly improves the dynamic range of the spread spectrum device; the FPGA intelligent module simplifies the setting steps of using the spread spectrum device, improves the convenience and accuracy of measurement, and can be applied to the fields of high-precision and intelligent terahertz instrument measurement.

The invention provides a double-balanced mixer, and relates to the technical field of microwave and millimeter wave circuits. The double-balanced mixer comprises a radio frequency plane balun, a local oscillator plane balun, an FET annular mixing core, a first FET tube and a second FET tube, the input end of the local oscillator plane balun is used for receiving a local oscillator signal, and the two output ends of the local oscillator plane balun are connected with the drain electrode of an FET tube in the FET annular mixing core; the input end of the radio frequency plane balun is used for receiving a radio frequency input signal, two output ends of the radio frequency plane balun are respectively connected with the grid electrodes of the first FET tube and the second FET tube, the source electrodes of the first FET tube and the second FET tube are grounded, and the drain electrodes of the first FET tube and the second FET tube are connected with the source electrodes of the FET tubes in the FET annular mixing core; and the drain electrode of the FET tube in the FET annular mixing core is connected to the intermediate frequency signal output end. The problem that a current mixer based on the GaAs HEMT technology is difficult to have the characteristics of low power consumption and small size can be solved.

The utility model discloses a broadband double-balanced mixer, which comprises an annular diode stack formed by sequentially connecting a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D3 and a diode D4 end to end, and a radio frequency circuit, a local oscillator circuit and an intermediate frequency circuit which are connected with the annular diode stack. A ring bridge circuit formed by Schottky diodes and a coupling line Marchand balun structure are used, and the topological structure of a mixer circuit is improved, so that the working bandwidth is improved, and meanwhile, the chip size is reduced.

The invention provides a terahertz quasi-light type superconductive heat electron balanced mixer, and belongs to the technical field of terahertz detection. Comprising a super heat conduction electronic balanced mixer, a bias T-type network, a direct current bias source and a 180-degree synthesizer, the superconductive heat electronic balanced mixer is composed of a crossed double-groove antenna, a superconductive microbridge and a choke filter. Quasi-optical coupling of an orthogonal local oscillator reference signal and a terahertz signal to be measured is achieved through the crossed double-groove antenna, and the signals are transmitted to the superconducting microbridges in the centers of the four single-groove antennas to be subjected to frequency mixing processing. The direct-current bias source provides working direct-current bias for the superconductive heat electronic balanced mixer. High-frequency components of intermediate-frequency signals generated by frequency mixing are filtered out through the choke filter, and the intermediate-frequency signals enter the 180-degree synthesizer to be subjected to phase synthesis, so that local oscillator leakage and even-order harmonics are effectively inhibited, and meanwhile, the port isolation and the signal purity are improved. The method has remarkable advantages in the aspects of interference suppression, dynamic range expansion and system noise reduction, and is particularly suitable for terahertz astronomical observation and the like.

The invention relates to the technical field of integrated circuits, and discloses a mixer layout structure, an IQ double-balanced mixer layout structure and electronic equipment. In the invention, four symmetrically arranged MOS transistors (M1, M2, M3 and M4) are symmetrically arranged through a longitudinal symmetry axis and a transverse symmetry axis, grid electrodes of the M1 and the M4 are connected to a first port of a local oscillator, and grid electrodes of the M2 and the M3 are connected to a second port of the local oscillator; the source electrodes of the M1 and the M2 are connected with a first radio frequency input port through symmetrical leads, and the source electrodes of the M3 and the M4 are connected with a second radio frequency input port; drain electrodes of the M1 and the M3 are connected to serve as a first intermediate frequency output port, and drain electrodes of the M2 and the M4 are connected to serve as a second intermediate frequency output port. All grid, source and drain leads adopt the same type of metal; the intervals of the MOS tubes are equal, and the arrangement of radio frequency and intermediate frequency leads can eliminate phase errors. The signal processing capability of the mixer is effectively improved, and the stability and reliability of the system are enhanced.

Disclosed is a transmitter that reduces the third-order harmonic (HD3) and intermodulation distortion (IMD3) of the gm stage of a mixer while reducing flicker noise. The transmitter may include a balanced mixer, a transconductance stage connected to the mixer, and a bias circuit. The bias circuit may include a programmable current source configured to provide a reference current. Additionally, the bias circuit may include a copying circuit configured to copy the DC signal of the transconductance stage. The bias circuit may further include a bias transistor configured to perform a level conversion on a bias signal obtained from the signal source based on the reference current and the DC signal of the transconductance stage determined by the copying circuit.

The invention discloses an oscillator loop phase noise suppression structure and method, and relates to the technical field of microwave signal sources. The input end of the first coupler is connected with the output end of the amplifier with low 1 / f phase noise, and a straight-through port is connected with the LO end of a double-balanced mixer; the amplifier input end of the oscillator is connected with the coupling output end of the first coupler; one end of the voltage-controlled phase shifter is connected with the amplifier of the oscillator, and the other end is connected with the input end of the second coupler; the power port of the second coupler is connected with the RF end of the double-balanced mixer; the IF end of the double-balanced mixer is connected to the working voltage port of the VCP of the voltage-controlled phase shifter after passing through the integrator PI; by combining an amplifier with low 1 / f phase noise with a high gain amplifier, it is possible to have very high gain and ultra-low phase noise.

Systems, circuits, and methods for mixing signals are provided. An illustrative circuit may include mixer circuitry including multiple inputs and at least one output, where the multiple inputs are connected across a local oscillator. The circuit may further include a terminal Radio Frequency (RF) output circuitry that is isolated from the local oscillator, where the at least one output of the mixer circuitry is directly connected to an input of the terminal RF output circuitry. The circuit may further include terminal Intermediate Frequency (IF) output circuitry that is isolated from the local oscillator, where the at least one output of the mixer circuitry is directly connected to an input of the terminal IF output circuitry.