The invention relates to an alkali metal air chamber manufacturing method for improving the relaxation resistance of a coating based on Plasma hydroxylation. According to the method, a plasma cleaningmachine is adopted for hydroxylating the inner surface of an air chamber; since a tail pipe of the alkali metal air chamber is thin, the operation that a thick cleaning solution needs to be extractedby adopting a capillary glass tube after cleaning through a traditional hydroxylation method is omitted, so that the air chamber is prevented from being pricked during a cleaning solution extractionprocess, and the problems of time waste, effort waste, nonideal consistency and nonideal relaxation resistance during the current air chamber manufacturing process are solved; and meanwhile, more hydroxide radicals can be formed on the glass surface, and no cleaning solution removal and follow-up drying is needed, so that the contact time of the hydroxide radicals and the outside environment is shortened, the hydroxide radical pollution is reduced, more hydroxide radical number can be maintained, a smooth and uniform covering surface is realized during the organochlorosilane reaction process,the surface covering rate on paramagnetic impurities is increased, and the relaxation resistance of the coating is improved. In addition, multiple air chambers can be processed at the same time, so that the consistency and the repeatability in manufacturing the coating are improved.