35 results about "Mobile charge carrier" patented technology

Disclosed is a sensor for sensing the presence of an analyte component without relying on redox mediators. This sensor includes (a) a plurality of conductive polymer strands each having at least a first end and a second end and each aligned in a substantially common orientation; (b) a plurality of molecular recognition headgroups having an affinity for the analyte component and being attached to the first ends of the conductive polymer strands; and (c) an electrode substrate attached to the conductive polymer strands at the second ends. The electrode substrate is capable of reporting to an electronic circuit reception of mobile charge carriers (electrons or holes) from the conductive polymer strands. The electrode substrate may be a photovoltaic diode.

Disclosed is a sensor for sensing the presence of an analyte component without relying on redox mediators. This sensor includes (a) a plurality of conductive polymer strands each having at least a first end and a second end and each aligned in a substantially common orientation; (b) a plurality of molecular recognition headgroups having an affinity for the analyte component and being attached to the first ends of the conductive polymer strands; and (c) an electrode substrate attached to the conductive polymer strands at the second ends. The electrode substrate is capable of reporting to an electronic circuit reception of mobile charge carriers (electrons or holes) from the conductive polymer strands. The electrode substrate may be a photovoltaic diode.

A system for obtaining improved resolution in room temperature semiconductor radiation detectors such as CdZnTe and Hgl2, which exhibit significant hole-trapping. A electrical reference plane is established about the perimeter of a semiconductor crystal and disposed intermediately between two oppositely biased end electrodes. The intermediate reference plane comprises a narrow strip of wire in electrical contact with the surface of the crystal, biased at a potential between the end electrode potentials and serving as an auxiliary electrical reference for a chosen electrode-typically the collector electrode for the more mobile charge carrier. This arrangement eliminates the interfering effects of the less mobile carriers as these are gathered by their electrode collector.

An electroactive material for charge storage and transport in an electrochemical capacitor. The material is formed of a plurality of nanocomponents including nanoparticles, in turn formed of conductive carbon-based clusters bound together by a conductive carbon-based cluster binder including nanoclusters and nanocluster binders, all having high densities of mobile charge carriers (electrons, electronic acceptors, ionic species). A terminal is electrically coupled to the nanoparticles for charge transport.

A photosensor for the detection of infrared radiation in the wavelength range of 1 to 1000 micrometers consists of a semiconductor substrate with a highly doped interaction volume for the incoming radiation. At the edge of this highly doped region, an extended gate electrode is placed consisting of a conducting material on top of an insulating layer. On the other side of the gate electrode, another highly doped semiconductor region is placed, acting as a charge collector. Through free carrier absorption in the interaction volume, incoming photons impart their energy on mobile charge carriers. In the case of free electrons, the gate electrode is biased slightly below the reset voltage of the interaction volume, so that the electrons carrying the additional energy of the absorbed photons can predominantly make the transition from the interaction volume across the gate electrode area to the charge collector volume.

Provided herewith is a novel method of controllably processing a dielectric fluid by creating discharges within the dielectric fluid from mobile charge carriers contained within the dielectric fluid. Generally, the dielectric fluid and the mobile charge carriers are between two electrodes which apply a voltage to the charge carriers. In one embodiment, the dielectric fluid is a hydrocarbon fluid such as a heavy crude oil or a fuel. In one embodiment the charge carrier comprises water droplets. In another embodiment, the mobile charge carriers are metallic balls. In both instances the discharges initiate from the mobile charge carriers.

Disclosed is a method for preparing a highly electron conductive polymer, the method comprising a step of doping a conductive polymer with a dopant capable of introducing movable charge carriers into the repeating units of the polymer, wherein a voltage higher than a conduction band of the polymer is applied to the polymer while the polymer is doped with the dopant, so as to modify electron conductivity of the conductive polymer. A highly electron conductive polymer obtained by the method, an electrode comprising the highly electron conductive polymer, and an electrochemical device including the electrode arc also disclosed. The novel doping method for improving the electron conductivity of a conductive polymer can provide a conductive polymer with a conductivity comparable to the conductivity of a conventional conductive agent.

A method for manipulating a quantum system comprises at least one mobile charge carrier with a magnetic moment. The method comprises the steps or acts of applying magnetic field to the charge carrier. The magnetic is spatially non-homogeneous. The method also comprises bringing the charge carrier into an oscillatory movement along a path. The magnetic field depends on the position of the charge carrier on said path. The oscillatory movement may be caused by electrostatic interaction with gate electrodes. Due to this approach, thus, in a magnetic moment resonance process the conventional oscillating magnetic field is replaced by an oscillating electric field which is locally transformed into a magnetic field by the Coulomb interaction that displaces the charge carrier wave function within an inhomogeneous magnetic field or in and out of a magnetic field.

This device for detecting electromagnetic radiation, in particular X-ray or γ-rays, includes: a sensing layer consisting of at least one material capable of interacting with said electromagnetic radiation to be detected, in order to liberate mobile charge carriers, whereof the movement generates an electric current; a substrate provided with a plurality of elementary collectors of the charge carriers thus liberated, said elementary collectors being distributed discretely; a transfer layer suitable for transferring the charge carriers liberated by the sensing layer at the elementary collectors, said layer being connected to the sensing layer; and an insulating adhesive mating layer, suitable for mating the plurality of elementary collectors and the transfer layer.

This invention provides electrically conductive electret, electret-based direct-current power source and structural electret, with applications including the self-sensing of damage, stress and strain (including structural self-sensing) and electric powering (including structural self-powering). The electret is an electrically conductive material comprising mobile charge carriers (electrons, holes or ions), which exhibit a gradient in the carrier concertation along a line connecting the positive charge center and negative charge center in the electret. The carriers create an electric dipole. The material is electrically continuous along this line, which is along the path of least electrical resistance. The material exhibits microstructure comprising microscopic features that are positioned along said line and that interact with said carriers, with the interaction enhancing said dipole. The materials are preferably metals, carbons and their composites. The electret's electric field preferably ranges from 10′ V/m to 1 V/m. The electrical conductivity preferably ranges from 10³Ω⁻¹·m⁻¹ to 10⁸Ω⁻¹·m⁻¹.