5 results about "Redox mediator" patented technology

This application relates to the field of rare earth smelting and separation technology, and discloses an ultrasonic-enhanced electrochemical coupling process for the complete separation of rare earth oxides, comprising the following steps: adding a polyphosphate complexing agent and a redox mediator to a cerium-rich rare earth aqueous solution as the anolyte, and pumping it into a dual-chamber membrane electrolytic cell separated by a cation exchange membrane for circulation. An electroacoustic phase-controlled synchronous system is activated to perform periodic reverse-phase pulse operations of turning on the ultrasonic current to decrease and turning off the ultrasonic current to increase. When the trivalent cerium conversion rate reaches a first threshold, the pH is dynamically adjusted and the current is reduced; when it reaches a second threshold, the process is stopped and the temperature is raised to mature the complex salt crystalline phase. The slurry is hot-pressed and filtered; the filter cake is dephosphorized and washed by alkaline solid-phase decomposition, and then calcined at a constant temperature to obtain high-purity cerium dioxide powder. This invention employs a dual-chamber electrolysis technology scheme using polyphosphate complexation combined with a perfluorosulfonic acid cation exchange membrane, achieving the technical effect of zero cathode penetration of rare earth materials.

Methods and systems are provided for redox mediated pre-lithiation of a lithium battery. An uncharged lithium ion battery includes a cathode and an electrolyte. The cathode includes a cathode active material and cathode pre-lithiation material and the electrolyte includes a redox mediator having a redox potential higher than a redox potential of the cathode pre-lithiation material and outside an operating voltage window of the cathode active material.

Methods and systems are provided for redox mediated pre-lithiation of a lithium battery. An uncharged lithium ion battery includes a cathode and an electrolyte. The cathode includes a cathode active material and cathode pre-lithiation material and the electrolyte includes a redox mediator having a redox potential higher than a redox potential of the cathode pre-lithiation material and outside an operating voltage window of the cathode active material.

A use of an iodine-containing ion-conductive additive in a sulfur positive electrode of a solid-state lithium-sulfur battery, and a positive electrode material and a preparation method therefor and a use thereof. The iodine-containing ion-conductive additive serves as a redox mediator to promote the oxidation of Li2S. During charging, I - in the iodine-containing ion-conductive additive is electrochemically oxidized to an oxidized iodine species at the interface between the iodine-containing ion-conductive additive and a conductive material in the sulfur positive electrode. The oxidized iodine species then chemically oxidizes Li2S in contact with the oxidized iodine species. The redox-mediated process on the surface of the iodine-containing ion-conductive additive enables a reaction at the two-phase interface between the iodine-containing ion-conductive additive and Li2S, thereby improving the solid-state reaction kinetics of sulfur. The iodine-containing ion-conductive additive comprises a compound containing iodine, lithium, and sulfur elements, wherein the molar amount of the iodine element in per mole of the iodine-containing ion-conductive additive satisfies 0<nI≤2. The iodine-containing ion-conductive additive enables the sulfur positive electrode of the solid-state lithium-sulfur battery and a battery prepared therefrom to have fast-charging performance and high cycle stability.

A device for delivery of an insulin or insulin analog formulation and measurement of subcutaneous glucose concentration may comprise a hollow tube, and an amperometric glucose sensor located proximal to a distal end of the hollow tube. The amperometric glucose sensor may comprise a redox mediator and an enzyme comprising glucose oxidase or glucose dehydrogenase. An applied bias potential may allow an electrode layer of the amperometric glucose sensor to undergo substantially no electropolymerization of an excipient of the insulin or insulin analog formulation during continuous operation of amperometric glucose sensor. A sensitivity of the amperometric glucose sensor to the subcutaneous glucose concentration may be maintained in presence of the insulin or insulin analog formulation.