The invention discloses a heliostat field focusing strategy optimization method for a tower type solar thermal power station. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, maximizing total energyon a receiver by taking a corresponding relationship between a heliostat and a focus point as a decision variable, and establishing a nonlinear integer programming problem of heliostat focusing by taking an energy distribution variance on the receiver as a constraint; then, adopting a rapid solving method, selecting part of heliostats with large overflow losses, pre-calculating imaging distribution of the heliostats focused on different target points, relaxing energy distribution variance constraints into sampling point energy density difference constraints, and establishing linear integer programming sub-problems; and finally, increasing heliostats receiving scheduling step by step, and solving a series of sub-problems until energy distribution variance constraints are met. According tothe method, in the real-time scheduling of the mirror field of the tower type solar thermal power station, the total energy obtained on the receiver is maximum and uniformly distributed, the power generation efficiency is improved, the safe operation of equipment is ensured, the solution is rapid, and the real-time control requirement is met.