124 results about "Economic evaluation" patented technology

The invention discloses a land value evaluation method and system based on multi-source heterogeneous data fusion, and relates to the technical field of land economic evaluation. The invention discloses a land value evaluation method and system based on multi-source heterogeneous data fusion. The method comprises four steps of multi-source data acquisition and preprocessing, standardized evaluation index quantification, index weighted fusion and value calculation, and value distribution diagram generation and output. Firstly, four types of data of background status, planning, market feedback and social perception are acquired and preprocessed; secondly, constructing a hierarchical index system to quantify indexes; determining a weight through an analytic hierarchy process and calculating a land value index according to a preset formula; and finally generating a value distribution diagram in a thermodynamic diagram form. The method realizes standardization, high efficiency and visualization of land value evaluation, can be applied to the fields of city updating, land market monitoring, government planning decision making and the like, and provides scientific support for related decision making.

The invention discloses a wind turbine generator life extension dynamic evaluation method and system based on multi-source data fusion, and belongs to the technical field of new energy. According to the method, multi-modal detection is carried out on key parts such as blades, a gearbox, a generator and a tower by collecting multi-source data such as basic parameters, historical operation data, environmental data and design files of a wind turbine generator, and residual life evaluation is carried out based on material performance, operation data and numerical simulation. And performing economic evaluation by combining cost-benefit analysis and investment payback period analysis, and finally comprehensively giving a life extension dynamic evaluation conclusion. The method solves the problems of data island, insufficient dynamic prediction capability, lack of economic analysis, low detection efficiency and the like in a traditional evaluation method, provides a scientific and comprehensive basis for the decision-making of the life extension of the wind turbine generator, and has remarkable economic benefits and engineering application values.

The invention discloses a power transmission and transformation project economic evaluation method, system, equipment and medium fusing adaptive fuzzy entropy weighting and a multi-target grey wolf optimization algorithm, and belongs to the technical field of power system economic analysis, and the method comprises the steps: constructing an economic index system, building a fuzzy membership matrix, and calculating an index weight through combining fuzzy entropy and information entropy; a comprehensive weight is generated by adopting a self-adaptive fusion mechanism, then a multi-target weighted evaluation model is constructed, and finally multi-target search is performed by utilizing a swarm intelligence optimization algorithm. According to the invention, by constructing a self-adaptive weighting mechanism fusing the fuzzy entropy and the information entropy and combining the global search capability of the multi-target grey wolf optimization algorithm, multi-index weight dynamic optimization and multi-target cooperative solution in the economic evaluation of the power transmission and transformation project are realized; the method effectively overcomes the limitation of a traditional method in the aspects of weight distribution subjectivity, insufficient index coupling processing and multi-target balance, and forms a closed-loop evaluation system from index processing to intelligent decision making.

The invention discloses a site-level CCUS dynamic source-sink matching optimization method for an oil field enterprise, relates to the technical field of large-scale deployment of carbon capture, utilization and storage of the oil field enterprise, and particularly relates to the site-level CCUS dynamic source-sink matching optimization method for the oil field enterprise. Comprising the following steps: integrating a carbon source end full life cycle technical economy evaluation system and a storage target area'geology-potential-economy 'three-dimensional grading model to form a dynamic database; on the basis of the dynamic database, a mixed integer linear programming model fusing source sink dynamic priority coefficients is constructed, three scenes of cost minimization, oil displacement income maximization and carbon sink subsidy excitation are set, and a constraint system is coupled; according to the method, carbon source technology economic evaluation and storage target area three-dimensional grading are fused, the specific injection-production cycle, policy incentive and pipe network constraint of an oil field are converted into time-varying weight coefficients, traditional static optimization limitation is broken through, and site-level source-sink dynamic accurate matching is achieved.

The invention discloses an energy storage system economy evaluation method and system and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage systems. Comprising the following steps: acquiring operation data, power market transaction data and equipment state data of an energy storage system in real time through a multi-source data acquisition module; a dynamic feature engineering module is used for screening key influence factors, and a comprehensive evaluation index system fusing market features, technical features and environment features is constructed; constructing an economy prediction model based on an LSTM neural network, inputting the data of the comprehensive evaluation index system into the economy prediction model, and outputting a multi-time scale economy evaluation result, including short-term income prediction, medium-term probabilistic income interval and long-term attenuation correction evaluation; and a revenue-risk balanced charging and discharging strategy is generated through a reinforcement learning algorithm, a strategy effect is rehearsed in a digital twin environment, and high-risk operation is dynamically adjusted. And the precision and adaptability of economic evaluation of the energy storage system can be remarkably improved.

The invention provides a comprehensive evaluation method, system and device based on single coke quality and mixed coke use and a readable storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a multi-layer progressive evaluation system from single coke quality evaluation to mixed coke performance prediction, and then to economical efficiency dynamic optimization; performing quantitative evaluation on the quality of the single coke through the basic evaluation layer to obtain a quality index; predicting a synergistic effect of various coke proportions through the mixing performance layer, and determining a mixing performance index; performing cost analysis on the proportioning scheme by combining an economic evaluation layer with price fluctuation to obtain a cost performance index; and a plurality of matching schemes are generated through the dynamic optimization layer, and an optimal solution meeting balance of quality, performance and cost is output.

The invention discloses an industrial element association reasoning method based on a space-time knowledge graph. The method comprises the following steps: S1, encoding space-time characteristics of industrial association information; s2, constructing a spatio-temporal enhanced relation graph; s3, topological feature representation under the space-time condition; and S4, performing entity-level dynamic reasoning on the industrial elements. According to the method, the structural generalization ability of the pre-trained knowledge graph basic model is fused, a spatial-temporal feature coding mechanism is introduced, dynamic reasoning of industrial evolution paths in different regions and different periods is realized by constructing the relation graph with spatial-temporal attributes, and the method can be widely applied to scenes such as urban industrial planning, regional economic evaluation and industrial chain optimization and has a wide application prospect. The intelligent level of government decision-making and the efficiency of enterprise strategy deployment are improved, and accurate decision-making support is provided for industrial analysis, policy making and the like.

The embodiment of the invention discloses an economic evaluation method, device and equipment for a high-power lithium battery energy storage system and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: determining a battery dynamic equivalent cycle conversion factor based on a target energy storage battery; determining a system battery replacement cost parameter and an energy loss cost parameter according to the battery dynamic equivalent cycle conversion factor; determining a full life cycle cost model of the energy storage system based on the system battery replacement cost parameter and the energy loss cost parameter; according to the energy storage system full-life-cycle cost model and the energy storage system full-life-cycle income model, constructing an economy evaluation model; and based on the economy evaluation model, carrying out energy storage system full life cycle economy evaluation on the target energy storage system. According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the accuracy of the full-life-cycle economic evaluation of the high-power lithium battery energy storage system can be improved.

The invention discloses a land-sea integrated full-process CO2 geological utilization and storage project technical economic evaluation method and tool. The method comprises the following steps: S1, evaluating and delimiting a full-process CO2 geological utilization and storage range; step S2, an evaluation process; s3, selecting a full-process CCUS technical scheme; and S4, carrying out full-process CCUS technical economic evaluation. The invention relates to the technical field of environmental science and engineering. According to the land-sea integrated full-process CO2 geological utilization and storage project technical economic evaluation method and tool, the problem of how to obtain information such as a technical scheme, cost budget, project layout and planning of a full-process CO2 geological utilization and storage project suitable for an enterprise or a technical and economic environment under the condition of lacking CO2 storage project experience and data is solved; and the feasibility of project development is provided.

The invention relates to a salt cavern integrated energy system full life cycle economic evaluation method, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining electric energy supply and demand data in a target region, and building a mathematical model of a salt cavern integrated energy system based on the electric energy supply and demand data and at least one salt cavern geological parameter; based on the mathematical model, an objective function is determined with the maximum comprehensive economic benefit in the whole life cycle, and a double-layer optimization model of the salt-cavern comprehensive energy system is established; and performing multi-scene evaluation by using a double-layer optimization model to perform modeling and optimization solution on each scene to obtain economy of the system in different scenes, and determining the optimal configuration of the salt cavern integrated energy system according to the economy of the system in different scenes. Therefore, the problems that the overall value is difficult to accurately evaluate and the scientificity of investment decision and the rationality of resource allocation are influenced due to the fact that a static analysis mode is adopted in related technologies and multiple factors such as related complex technologies, economy and environment are not fully considered are solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of regional economic evaluation, and discloses an evaluation method based on regional industrial economic collaborative development. The method comprises the following steps: constructing an evaluation index system including regional economic core indexes and industrial correlation indexes; collecting economic operation basic data of multiple industrial departments and carrying out standardized preprocessing according to an index system; calculating an inter-industry input-output association strength coefficient based on the standardized data, and establishing an industry association network topological graph; identifying a dominant industry and matched support industry set by using the topological graph; analyzing resource element flow data between the two, and quantifying an inter-industry collaborative complementary effect value; combining the correlation strength coefficient and the synergistic effect value to calculate a regional overall industry collaboration degree index; setting an evaluation benchmark and comparing, and judging a development grade; and outputting an evaluation report containing the topological graph, the collaboration degree index and the grade conclusion, and generating an industrial policy optimization adjustment suggestion list according to the evaluation report.

The invention discloses a parameter optimization method and device for oil reservoir development, equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of oil reservoir development. Comprising the steps that oil field geological parameters, well location and operation parameters, injection parameters and economic evaluation parameters are obtained and input into a numerical simulator to complete initialization, and oil reservoir state change data and development effect indexes are calculated; generating a first data set representing the corresponding relationship among the parameters, the oil reservoir state and the development effect by combining a particle swarm optimization algorithm; a second data set containing multiple expert tracks is obtained through screening and data enhancement processing, and the expert tracks reflect time sequence evolution of the oil reservoir state under the action of the injection parameters; inputting the expert track into a preset inverse reinforcement learning model, and screening a target expert track according to the strategy network update amplitude and the discriminator probability value; and finally, optimizing the input parameters based on the target expert trajectory to obtain optimal parameters. Intelligent optimization of oil reservoir parameters is realized, optimization efficiency and suitability are improved, and development benefits are guaranteed.

The invention belongs to the technical field of clean energy, particularly relates to a hydrogen production project economic evaluation method and system and electronic equipment, and aims to solve the problem that an existing hydrogen production project evaluation method is not accurate enough. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring each cash flow index influencing the corrected cash flow; analyzing the cash flow indexes of the tth year to obtain the correction probability of each cash flow index, and calculating the hydrogen production item correction cash flow of the tth year based on each cash flow index and the correction probability of each cash flow index; based on the corrected cash flow, calculating to obtain a corrected hydrogen production item net present value; and calculating the internal investment return rate of the corrected hydrogen production project based on the net present value of the corrected hydrogen production project. According to the method, the cost and income constituent elements of the hydrogen production project are comprehensively analyzed, the dynamic change condition of each actual influence factor is considered, and the obtained conclusion is more accurate and real.

The application discloses a kind of innovation chain and industry chain synergic diagnosis method and system of fusion multi-source data, belong to regional economic evaluation and artificial intelligence data processing technical field.The purpose is to solve the problem of existing evaluation method relying on single structured data, lack of depth decision-making ability.The method includes: collecting the scientific research and industrial structured index of target area and policy text unstructured data;Quantify policy synergy effectiveness index using natural language processing technology;Introduce market mechanism parameters, build a nonlinear double-track correction model to dynamically correct the original data, calculate the real fusion coordination degree;Based on the modified multi-dimensional characteristics, structured prompt words are constructed to drive the pre-trained large language model to automatically generate synergy short board diagnosis report and decision optimization suggestion.The application realizes the improvement of evaluation comprehensiveness and accuracy, reduces the influence of pseudo-fusion, realizes the integration of intelligent diagnosis of measurement-cause-suggestion.

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil field economic evaluation, and discloses an evaluation method for ascertaining an undeveloped full life cycle reserve value. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining development data and public evaluation parameters of a target block; calculating an extracted yield value NPV1; calculating the value of unextracted reserves without risk consideration; calculating a reserve risk coefficient R1 and a yield risk coefficient R2; calculating an unextracted reserve value NPV2; and calculating the full life cycle reserve value of the target block. According to the method, full-life-cycle reserve value evaluation is fully considered, the application of the yield risk to the reserve value is considered, the two-point equation is adopted to calculate the reserve risk coefficient, and the method is very scientific and accurate.

A micro-grid economic operation state evaluation method based on machine learning comprises the following steps: collecting micro-grid original operation data and performing data cleaning, normalization processing and principal component feature dimension reduction to extract key time sequence features reflecting economic fluctuations; a multi-dimensional economic evaluation index system covering conventional generating unit generation cost, grid interaction cost and energy storage aging cost is established; a long short-term memory network with attention mechanism is used to mine the deep correlation between time sequence features and operation state, and output economic evaluation values in each dimension; the economic evaluation values in each dimension are weighted and integrated based on the objective assignment method to calculate the overall economic state score of the system; the health interval of the micro-grid is judged in real time according to the comprehensive economic score, and a response mechanism is triggered for early warning. The method realizes real-time and high-precision evaluation and intelligent early warning of the economic state of the micro-grid operation, and improves the overall economic benefit of the system.

The invention provides a crowd health-oriented environment risk dynamic regulation and control method and a storage medium, relates to the field of public health, and systematically integrates macroscopic environment monitoring and demographic statistics data, multi-pollutant air quality health indexes and individual-level longitudinal queue data. A multi-pollutant air quality health index is used as priori knowledge through a constructed fusion module, an individual-level causal model is processed, a processed health risk function is coupled with a pollution control marginal cost function and refined health economic evaluation parameters, and a comprehensive optimization function is constructed. And performing probabilistic representation and propagation on uncertainty of all key parameters in the target function, finally solving to obtain a control threshold range with a confidence interval, re-substituting the optimized control threshold into the multi-pollutant air quality health index calculation framework, evaluating the risk level change of the multi-pollutant air quality health index calculation framework under a historical reference, and calculating the multi-pollutant air quality health index. And an empirical support from historical data is provided for the rationality and feasibility of an optimization result.

The application provides a wind-solar-hydrogen storage system collaborative planning and economic evaluation method and device, belonging to the technical field of new energy and hydrogen energy system planning. The method: obtains input data of wind power and photovoltaic, processes known output or resource data mode according to the data type of the application scene, generates annual time sequence output sequence, and configures the operation time interval of the chemical device; determines the optimization variable, the objective function and the constraint condition based on the annual output sequence and the operation time interval, constructs a full-industry-chain collaborative optimization mathematical model; calls a solver to solve the model, obtains a capacity configuration scheme, links the dynamic financial parameters in the built-in database, uses a preset financial evaluation rule to calculate the economic evaluation index of the whole life cycle; and visually displays the capacity configuration scheme and the economic evaluation index of the whole life cycle. The application realizes full-industry-chain collaborative optimization and intelligent diagnosis through double-mode data and dynamic attenuation simulation.

This invention discloses a method and system for collaborative diagnosis of innovation chains and industrial chains that integrates multi-source data, belonging to the fields of regional economic evaluation and artificial intelligence data processing technology. It aims to address the problem that existing evaluation methods rely on single structured data and lack in-depth decision-making capabilities. The method includes: collecting structured indicators of scientific research and industry in the target region and unstructured data of policy texts; quantifying the policy synergy effectiveness index using natural language processing technology; introducing market mechanism parameters to construct a nonlinear dual-track correction model to dynamically correct the original data and calculate the true degree of fusion and coordination; constructing structured prompt words based on the corrected multi-dimensional features to drive a pre-trained large language model to automatically generate a collaborative weakness diagnosis report and decision optimization suggestions. This invention improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of evaluation, reduces the impact of pseudo-fusion, and achieves integrated intelligent diagnosis of measurement, attribution, and suggestions.

The application discloses a kind of pumped storage power station weekly regulation external economic benefit intelligent evaluation method, belong to electric power system economic evaluation technical field.The technical problem to be solved is that existing method lacks the modeling ability of weekly regulation time scale, external economic benefit has not formed unified evaluation system, weight determination relies on artificial experience, qualitative index lacks standardization quantization method, and the stability of evaluation result is insufficient.The technical solution points are to construct a multi-level evaluation index system for weekly regulation, to establish a weekly scale operation scheduling model for pumped storage-power generation-backup coordination to quantify each index, to determine the comprehensive weight by using a three-source fusion game weighting method combining AI virtual expert, AHP subjective weighting and entropy weight method objective weighting, to obtain the comprehensive evaluation result by combining fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, and finally to output comparative analysis and optimal decision suggestion under different operation modes.

The invention provides a comprehensive evaluation method, device and equipment for carbon dioxide sequestration potential, and relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide sequestration, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining geological data, economic data, facility data, environmental data and social data of a target region; based on the geological data, the economic data, the facility data, the environmental data and the social data, constructing a digital twinborn body of the target sequestration area, and determining an initial sequestration capacity, an initial economic assessment result and an initial risk assessment result of the target area; inputting the initial storage capacity, the initial economic evaluation result and the initial risk evaluation result into the digital twin body to obtain an optimal correction coefficient matrix; and correcting the initial sequestration capacity, the initial economic evaluation result and the initial risk evaluation result by using the optimal correction coefficient matrix, and determining the carbon dioxide sequestration potential of the target area. The objectivity, accuracy and reliability of carbon dioxide sequestration potential evaluation are improved.

This invention relates to the field of oil and gas exploration technology, and discloses a method for determining the lower limit depth of sandstone reservoir exploration based on diagenetic evolution constraints. Based on the measured porosity, permeability, and corresponding measured depth of sandstone of different lithologies within the study area, compaction evolution equations and permeability evolution equations for each lithology are fitted and constructed according to the diagenetic evolution mechanism. The economic lower limit of stable daily production per well is determined according to the economic evaluation of oil and gas development in the study area. Based on oil testing data, quantitative relationships between production capacity and porosity, and between production capacity and permeability are established. The economic lower limit is converted into corresponding lower limits of reservoir porosity and permeability, which are then substituted into the compaction evolution equations and permeability evolution equations for each lithology to obtain the lower limit depth of exploration for that lithology using current technology. This invention reveals the evolution law of reservoir properties with depth for different lithologies from a genetic perspective, organically coupling economic and technical conditions with geological laws to achieve accurate and differentiated prediction of the lower limit depth of exploration.

The invention provides a power plant design thematic report generation method based on a generative artificial intelligence technology, and the method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: (1) data collection and processing; (2) natural language processing and information extraction; (3) training a generative artificial intelligence model; (4) report generation and content organization; (5) outputting and customizing a report; and (6) quality evaluation and optimization. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the report can be automatically generated, the time and energy of a designer for compiling the report are saved, the working efficiency is greatly improved, manual errors are reduced, the consistency of the report is ensured, and comprehensive and accurate information such as technical parameters and economic evaluation is provided.

The application discloses a data processing method and system for weather management engineering, and relates to the technical field of weather management engineering. The data processing method comprises the following steps: standardizing weather forecast data and establishing a weather forecast data baseline; determining an influence domain, which comprises a spatial range and a time range; determining a target function form and a weather element input type of the influence domain, wherein the target function is f(x) = T and T>0; setting a basic equation, using a time sequence to obtain an analysis solution for performance evaluation and economic evaluation. The application can solve the technical problem of insufficient weather forecast accuracy to a certain extent, improve the use value of weather forecast data, and has the advantages of universality, portability and convenience for practical application.

The invention relates to a chemical risk management method integrating leakage simulation analysis and property evaluation of a vinyl chloride gas holder, and aims to accurately predict and quantify the safety risk and potential economic loss after leakage of the vinyl chloride gas holder by using an advanced simulation technology and an economic evaluation means. According to the method, [Areal Location of Hazard] ALOHA simulation software approved by the industry is adopted, the gas diffusion process after vinyl chloride leakage is simulated in a high-precision mode, and in combination with a [Quantum Geographic Information System] QGIS (Quality Geographic Information System), visual display of data is carried out. On the basis, through comprehensive consideration of key factors such as physical and chemical characteristics, process environment parameters and leakage scale of vinyl chloride, hazard indexes of fire and explosion are scientifically calculated, and then possible economic losses are deduced. By constructing a set of comprehensive and quantitative risk assessment system, powerful support is provided for safety assessment of chemical equipment, and an important basis is provided for a management layer of a chemical enterprise to formulate scientific and effective safety strategies and risk control measures.

The invention discloses a water, fire, wind and light storage collaborative operation evaluation method and system based on time sequence probability simulation, and belongs to the technical field of new energy grid connection and operation control. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring power system equipment, weather, load and economic parameters; generating multiple groups of new energy output and load scenes based on meteorological and load parameters; constructing a power grid optimal power flow model in different scenes by taking the minimization of the intra-day total cost as a target; a time sequence probability simulation solving model is used for calculating a mean value of multi-dimensional indexes such as economical efficiency and environmental protection performance; and weighting by an entropy weight method to obtain a final evaluation score. The system comprises an information module, a scene module, a construction module, a simulation module, an output module and corresponding method steps. The method solves the problems that a traditional evaluation scene is one-sided, uncertainty representation is insufficient, and multi-dimensional indexes are split, improves the evaluation precision and decision value of a high-proportion new energy power grid, and is suitable for power grid operation reliability analysis and economic evaluation.

This invention discloses a power dispatch optimization method and system based on deep reinforcement learning, specifically relating to the field of power dispatch technology. This invention achieves multi-objective collaborative optimization of dispatch schemes by constructing a multi-dimensional quantitative evaluation system. Unlike traditional methods that rely on single-index evaluation, this invention calculates fault recovery coefficients, safety and stability coefficients, and economic evaluation coefficients in conjunction with rule matching coefficients. Based on the calculation results, schemes are selected, achieving a balance between multiple objectives such as fault recovery speed, power supply security, operational economy, and fault similarity, thereby improving the comprehensive adaptability of dispatch schemes.

The invention provides a full-life-cycle economic evaluation method for a coal electricity fused salt heat storage peak regulation system, and relates to the technical field of energy system economic analysis, and the method comprises the steps: collecting policy variables such as electricity price, carbon price, peak regulation compensation and the like, and unit operation parameters; constructing an electricity price and compensation linkage dynamic model; establishing a full-life-cycle cost income model including investment, operation and maintenance, carbon cost and income items; calculating a net present value, a dynamic payback period and a carbon emission reduction benefit ratio; and in combination with Monte Carlo simulation and a genetic algorithm, capacity optimization in a multi-policy scene is completed. According to the method, capacity configuration is influenced and guided through the dynamic quantitative policy, linkage optimization of economic evaluation and capacity design is realized, misjudgment caused by static hypothesis in a traditional evaluation method is avoided, and investment decision scientificity and economic adaptability of a coal power flexible transformation project are improved.

The application discloses a kind of transmission line engineering tower design methods based on multi-objective cooperation, it is related to overhead transmission line tower structure design technical field.The method includes the following steps: calculating tower head contour control point coordinates to generate the preliminary modeling scheme of transmission line engineering tower;Three-dimensional electrical clearance constraint modeling and automatic checking are carried out, then finite element model is established, and load calculation and multi-condition analysis are carried out, to obtain the modeling scheme of transmission line engineering tower optimization component section;Key node optimization is carried out using the first constraint condition and the second constraint condition, to obtain the candidate scheme of transmission line engineering tower;The design result of transmission line engineering tower is output using comprehensive evaluation system.The application organically fuses Gangba sheep culture image, electrical constraint, structure optimization and economic evaluation, realizes the high landscape of landscape tower under the premise of safety and economy, with the advantages of design process systematization, electrical checking automation and scheme comparison quantification.

The application provides a wind-solar-hydrogen storage system collaborative planning and economic evaluation method and device, belonging to the technical field of new energy and hydrogen energy system planning. The method: obtains input data of wind power and photovoltaic, processes known output or resource data mode according to the data type of the application scene, generates annual time sequence output sequence, and configures the operation time interval of the chemical device; determines the optimization variable, the objective function and the constraint condition based on the annual output sequence and the operation time interval, constructs a full-industry-chain collaborative optimization mathematical model; calls a solver to solve the model, obtains a capacity configuration scheme, links the dynamic financial parameters in the built-in database, uses a preset financial evaluation rule to calculate the economic evaluation index of the whole life cycle; and visually displays the capacity configuration scheme and the economic evaluation index of the whole life cycle. The application realizes full-industry-chain collaborative optimization and intelligent diagnosis through double-mode data and dynamic attenuation simulation.