54 results about "Secondary air injection" patented technology

An apparatus and method for using staged air combustion. The apparatus includes a burner body (10) secured to a port block (42), and a fuel passageway (12) extending through the burner body (10), terminating in a fuel nozzle (22), which injects fuel into the burner throat (40). Primary air jets (20) are configured to inject primary air into a primary combustion region (24), which is normally in the burner throat (40). A dish with a dish surface (28) is connected to the burner throat (40); the dish surface (28) extending in a divergent angle with respect to a burner centerline (35). Secondary air jets (34) are connected to the air passageway (14) and extend through the port block (42). The secondary air jets (34) inject secondary air into a secondary combustion region (38), which may be at the dish surface (28) or the hot face (30) of the burner.

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine which has charge-air supercharging by means of an exhaust-gas turbocharger and secondary air injection, the flow path of which is selected in such a way that the quantity of secondary air injected has an influence on the rotational speed of the turbocharger. By monitoring the rotational speed of the turbocharger, an increase in the rotational speed caused by the secondary air injection is determined, and the quantity of secondary air injected is worked out from the increase in rotational speed. This has the advantage that there is no need for complex temperature-measuring methods as have hitherto been employed. Rotational speed measurement can be carried out contactlessly and with absolutely no wear in particular by means of inductive rotational-speed sensors. Moreover, these inductive rotational-speed sensors can be miniaturized and produced at extremely low cost.

In a secondary air injection system, MOSFETs control supply of electric current to an air pump and to a motor for driving an electromagnetic valve and to an electromagnetic coil to introduce secondary air into an exhaust gas passage upstream of a catalyst for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. Gate drive circuits control the MOSFETs based on an instruction from an ECU via input signal processing circuits. Abnormal conditions in the operation for controlling the air pump and the electromagnetic valve are detected, and, when an abnormal condition is detected, forcibly turn the MOSFETs off to interrupt the current to the motor and to the electromagnetic coil. A diagnosing circuit sends to the ECU diagnosis signals representing the state of controlling the load.

An internal combustion engine's start-up torsional disturbances are reduced by drawing down intake manifold pressure prior to engine cranking. In a preferred arrangement, a secondary air injection reaction pump is adapted for evacuating the intake manifold to effect the desired draw down of the intake manifold pressure.

A process and apparatus for combusting fuel which results in reduction of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxides emissions. Fuel and primary air are preferably premixed and introduced into a combustion chamber. Secondary air is introduced through a plurality of secondary air ports, each preferably shaped as a slot, which are positioned about a venturi nozzle or flame holder disk mounted with respect to a combustion chamber wall. The secondary air flowing through the secondary air ports forms relatively high velocity and momentum secondary air jets that promote rapid mixing of the fuel and primary air mixture into the secondary air flow, such that a combustion flame is established at a partial periphery of the secondary air jets.

The invention relates to a device used for biomass gasification and active carbon combined production. The upper part of the device is provided with a material inlet, a material levelling device and a hydraulic lifting and descending mechanism. The middle part of the device is provided with a gasification reaction cavity. The gasification reaction cavity is provided with a secondary air injection pipe, a steam distribution pipe, a bridging-breaking driving lever, a carbon blocking device, a rotary fire gate and a fire-gate rotation rail. An external clamping cavity of the rotary fire gate is provided with a gasified gas extraction opening. The lower part of the device is provided with an active-carbon discharging cavity. The bottom of the device is provided with a sealing active carbon cooler. The device used for biomass gasification and active carbon combined production is advantageous in that: secondary air injection and an air-exhaust motor of combustible gas are adopted to control the thickness of a reaction layer and to provide the temperature needed for steam activation; steam and air mixing and forced gas distribution are adopted to achieve further activation of the gasified carbon, the produced combustible gas after purification can be used for electricity generation or burned in a boiler, and an active carbon product can be obtained at the same time. The device overcomes a problem of single product of traditional active carbon production devices, efficiently utilizes the biomass resources, increases the economic benefit, and is environmental friendly.

A circulating fluidized bed boiler having improved reactant utilization. The circulating fluidized bed boiler includes a circulating fluidized bed having a dense bed portion; a lower furnace portion adjacent to the dense bed portion; and an upper furnace portion, wherein the dense bed portion of the circulating fluidized bed boiler is maintained below the stoichiometric ratio (fuel rich stage) and the lower furnace portion is maintained above the stoichiometric ratio (fuel lean stage), thereby reducing the formation of NOx.; a reactant to reduce the emission of at least one combustion product in the flue gas; and a plurality of secondary air injection ports downstream of the circulating fluidized bed for providing mixing of the reactant and the flue gas in the furnace above the dense bed, wherein the amount of reactant required for the reduction of the emission of the combustion product is reduced. In a preferred embodiment, the circulating fluidized bed boiler may further include a return system for returning carry over particles from the flue gas to the circulating fluidized bed.

Methods and systems are provided for controlling and coordinating control of a post-catalyst exhaust back pressure valve and secondary air injection to expedite catalyst heating. By adjusting the exhaust back pressure valve to increase the exhaust backpressure and injecting secondary air into an exhaust passage upstream of the catalyst during cold start conditions, exhaust catalyst activation may be expedited.

A secondary air injector for use with an exhaust flow simulation system. A typical exhaust flow simulator is a burner-based system, in which exhaust from a combustive burner is exhausted through an exhaust line. The secondary air injector is placed downstream the burner to create a desired thermal condition or composition of the exhaust gas. The injector comprises a hollow ring fitted around the exhaust line, with multiple holes for evenly injecting the air into the exhaust line.

An engine control system and method maintains an optimum exhaust fuel to air ratio in an internal combustion engine. A secondary air injection (SAI) pressure is measured in an SAI system. The SAI pressure measurement is converted into an SAI flow value. A fuel compensation value is obtained based on the SAI flow value. Fuel delivery is compensated to the engine based on the fuel compensation value. In a second embodiment, the fuel compensation value is obtained based on the SAI pressure measurement. Fuel delivery is compensated to the engine based on the fuel compensation value. In a third embodiment, a primary flow value is calculated at an air intake of the engine. A fuel compensation value is calculated based on the SAI flow and primary flow values. Fuel delivery to the engine is compensated based on the fuel compensation value.

The invention belongs to a burner technique and discloses a built-in integrated smoke exhaust-heat boiler burner for a catalysis device. The burner is positioned on the lower part of the furnace body of an incinerator of an exhaust-heat boiler; a plurality of primary air branches 13 are respectively coaxial with a corresponding fuel air gun and are arranged around the fuel air gun; an air cyclone 20 is arranged at an outlet of the primary air branch; an outlet of the fuel air gun and the primary air cyclone are arranged in a corresponding burning channel; an upper end face of a regenerated smoke distributing cavity is provided with a plurality of regenerated smoke cyclones 18; an outlet of each secondary air injection pipe 4 is arranged opposite to the cyclone; a plurality of burning channels of fuel mixture distributed along a circumference are positioned between mixed regenerated smoke outlets formed along inner and outer layers of circumferences; and the mixed regenerated smoke and the mixed fuel gas are uniformly distributed as a mixing burning ring with separated inner and outer layers. The burner of the invention has the advantages of integration, simple and reliable structure, convenient operation, low cost, complete burning and high heat efficiency.

An engine method, comprising delivering high octane fuel to a high octane fuel tank and delivering low octane fuel to a low octane fuel tank and injecting atmospheric air into an exhaust system for secondary air injection in response to delivering low octane fuel to an engine.

A method for operating a diesel internal combustion engine having a compressed air source, a diesel particulate filter situated in the exhaust gas system, and a secondary air line and secondary air compressor for introducing secondary air into the exhaust gas system of the internal combustion engine, in which the compressed air source is used to drive the secondary air compressor.

According to one embodiment of the invention, a secondary air injection system includes a first conduit in fluid communication with at least one first exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine and a second conduit in fluid communication with at least one second exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine, wherein the at least one first and second exhaust passages are in fluid communication with a turbocharger. The system also includes an air supply in fluid communication with the first and second conduits and a flow control device that controls fluid communication between the air supply and the first conduit and the second conduit and thereby controls fluid communication to the first and second exhaust passages of the internal combustion engine.

A circulating fluidized bed boiler having improved reactant utilization. The circulating fluidized bed boiler includes a circulating fluidized bed having a dense bed portion; a lower furnace portion adjacent to the dense bed portion; and an upper furnace portion, wherein the dense bed portion of the circulating fluidized bed boiler is maintained below the stoichiometric ratio (fuel rich stage) and the lower furnace portion is maintained above the stoichiometric ratio (fuel lean stage), thereby reducing the formation of NOx.; a reactant to reduce the emission of at least one combustion product in the flue gas; and a plurality of secondary air injection ports downstream of the circulating fluidized bed for providing mixing of the reactant and the flue gas in the furnace above the dense bed, wherein the amount of reactant required for the reduction of the emission of the combustion product is reduced. In a preferred embodiment, the circulating fluidized bed boiler may further include a return system for returning carry over particles from the flue gas to the circulating fluidized bed.

A system and a method of diagnosing a secondary air injection apparatus may include an intake line supplying air to an engine, an exhaust line exhausting exhaust gas, a secondary air injection (SAI) line branching off at a branch point of the intake line and being joined to the exhaust line at a joining point of the exhaust line, a first pressure sensor mounted at the intake line to detect pressure or amount of intake air flowing through the intake line, a catalytic converter, a first oxygen sensor mounted at the exhaust line, an SAI pump mounted at the SAI line and pumping the air flowing through the intake line to the SAI line, an SAI valve mounted at the SAI line and selectively communicating the SAI line with the exhaust line, and a control portion controlling the SAI pump and the SAI valve to perform catalyst heating.

A method for reducing NOx formation, including the steps of: providing a furnace with a plurality of secondary air injection ducts, asymmetrically positioned in an opposing manner; injecting fuel with primary air through a first stage prior to injection of a second air; injecting secondary air and aqueous urea solution through the plurality of reagent injection ducts; controlling the asymmetrical injection to produce a high velocity mass flow and a turbulence resulting in dispersion of the urea solution into the combustion space, thereby providing reduced NOx formation in the combustion process.

An engine method, comprising delivering high octane fuel to a high octane fuel tank and delivering low octane fuel to a low octane fuel tank and injecting atmospheric air into an exhaust system for secondary air injection in response to delivering low octane fuel to an engine.

The invention discloses a gas turbine combustion chamber with a pre-mixing low-swirl nozzle. The gas turbine combustion chamber comprises a combustion chamber shell and a combustion barrel arranged in the combustion chamber shell, and an air inlet cavity is formed between the combustion chamber shell and the combustion barrel; the front end of the air inlet cavity is closed, and the rear end of the air inlet cavity is provided with an air inlet; a swirl area internally provided with a swirler, an injection part with the head provided with injection holes and a barrel body part are sequentially arranged in the combustion barrel from front to back; and the barrel body part is divided into a rear mixing area with the outer wall provided with mixing holes and a front main combustion area with the outer wall provided with cooling holes, and the main combustion area is close to one side of the injection part. According to the gas turbine combustion chamber with the pre-mixing low-swirl nozzle, stable and clean combustion can be achieved, the temperature of the combustion chamber is lowered, and the combustion chamber is lowered; meanwhile, the number of strong backflow areas is reduced, the retaining time of combustion products at high-temperature areas is shortened, and thus forming of thermal NOx is reduced, and NOx emission is reduced; and the structure of the combustion chamber is simplified, and primary and secondary air injection holes are decreased.

The present invention relates to a secondary air injection system for an internal combustion engine, and an automotive vehicle comprising such a secondary air injection system. The arrangement includes shut-off valve for selectively passing on or restricting airflow form the secondary air injection system. A flexible connector is arranged to receive the airflow and pass it on to at least two reed-type non-return valves arranged to substantially only allow airflow in the downstream direction. At the downstream side of each respective reed-type non-return valve a conduit for communicating any airflow passed there through to an associated exhaust bank of the internal combustion engine.

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for particulate filter regeneration. Methods and systems are provided for heating an exhaust particulate filter (PF) to enable filter generation. Inone example, a method may include adjusting engine air fuel ratio and injecting secondary air flow upstream of the PF to increase PF temperature. The level of engine air fuel ratio adjustment and theamount of secondary air injection upstream of the PF may be adjusted to account for enrichment induced cooling at a three-way catalyst (TWC) positioned upstream of the PF.

According to one embodiment of the invention, an internal combustion engine includes a first exhaust port in a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, a first one way valve coupled to a secondary air system, the first one way valve configured to restrict fluid communication from the first exhaust port to the secondary air system. The engine also includes a second exhaust port in the cylinder head and a second one way valve coupled to the secondary air system, the second one way valve configured to restrict fluid communication from the second exhaust port to the secondary air system, wherein the first and second exhaust ports are in fluid communication with a turbocharger.

The invention discloses a combustion parameter adjusting method of a supercharged engine. The combustion parameter adjusting method is applied to the supercharged engine with a secondary air injection system. The method comprises the following steps that firstly, whether the engine is started or not is detected, and if yes, the second step is executed; secondly, the air-fuel ratio of the engine is adjusted to a first preset air-fuel ratio; thirdly, the ignition angles of the engine are adjusted to first preset ignition angles; fourthly, the center temperature of a catalyst is detected; fifthly, the third step and the fourth step are circularly executed so that a plurality of first temperature values corresponding to the different first preset ignition angles in a one-to-one corresponding mode can be obtained; sixthly, the first temperature values are compared so that the first preset ignition angle corresponding to the maximum value in the first temperature values is the target ignition angle. According to the combustion parameter adjusting method, the adverse effect of exhaust of the supercharged engine to the environment can be relieved. The invention further discloses a combustion parameter adjusting device of the supercharged engine.

An exhaust emission purification control device for an engine that accurately estimates an accumulated oxygen amount of a catalyst at a terminating time of a reduction treatment using a simple method. An exhaust emission purification control device for an engine includes a secondary air injector that injects secondary air within an exhaust path. An O2 sensor detects an air-fuel ratio in a downstream side of a catalyst. A count-value accumulator estimates an accumulated oxygen amount (a count value) in the catalyst during the secondary air injection. A rich spike controller performs rich injection after the secondary air injection. This device includes a count-value corrector that multiplies the count value after the secondary air injection by a correction coefficient derived from an output value SVO2 of the O2 sensor during termination of reduction treatment, so as to estimate the accumulated oxygen amount during the termination of the reduction treatment.

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine (1), comprising at least one combustion chamber (2) and an exhaust gas system (3) arranged on an exhaust gas outlet channel (5), the exhaust gas system having at least one secondary air injection device (4) for injecting secondary air into the exhaust gas system (3) between the combustion chamber (2) and an exhaust emission control system (5) arranged in the exhaust gas system (3), wherein during operation of the internal combustion engine (1), a residual gas content in the combustion chamber (2) can be changed, and a secondary air injection point (4') on the exhaust gas system (3) is arranged so far from the combustion chamber (2) that injected secondary air flows back into the exhaust gas outlet channel (5) due to backflowing exhaust gas in the exhaust gas system (3) but does not flow back into the combustion chamber (2). The embodiment according to the invention makes it possible to comply with SULEV emissions limits even for engines having many combustion chambers and / or exhaust gas turbochargers, for which a SULEV certification previously seemed impossible.

The invention relates to a secondary air gas-fired boiler combustor and a configuration method of secondary air, and belongs to the technical field of gas-fired boiler emission reduction. The technical aims that NOx emissions are reduced through a gas-fired boiler, and meanwhile the heat efficiency of the boiler is not reduced are achieved. The secondary air gas-fired boiler combustor is characterized in that an inner cavity of a hearth is sequentially divided into a main combustion area, a secondary air injection area and an after-combustion area in the flue gas flowing direction starting from a gas combustor; the distance between the main combustion area and the gas combustor ranges from 0 m to 1 m, and 70%-95% of the air volume is supplied by the gas combustor; and the distance between the secondary air injection area and the gas combustor ranges from 1 m to 9 m, the furnace wall of the hearth is provided with a plurality of secondary air nozzles connected with a secondary air conveying pipeline, and 5%-30% of the air volume is supplied by the secondary air nozzles. The secondary air gas-fired boiler combustor has the beneficial effects that the secondary air nozzles are formed in the downstream portion of the gas combustor, the combustion temperature of the main combustion area is reduced, the reducibility atmosphere of the main combustion area is made, and generated thermal NOx and generated fuel NOx are restrained; and the secondary air guarantees that gas fuel is completely combusted, and the heat efficiency of the boiler is not reduced.

Methods and systems are provided for controlling and coordinating secondary air injection and blow-through to reduce turbo lag. By utilizing secondary air injection prior to providing blow-through, and deactivating the secondary air pump when a desired boost pressure for blow-through is achieved, turbine spin-up to a desired speed may be expedited and initial torque output may be increased.

The invention relates to a secondary gas injection rection pressure sensor downstream leakage or block indentification algorithm. A control module and method for an exhaust system of an engine can include a secondary air intake (SAI) pressure module that monitors SAI pressure. An accumulation module can accumulate an SAI string length based on the monitored SAI pressure. A calculation module can determine an average SAI string length based on the accumulated SAI string length. A determination module can determine an operating characteristic of the vehicle exhaust based on the average SAI string length.

According to one embodiment of the invention, an internal combustion engine includes a first exhaust port in a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, a first one way valve coupled to a secondary air system, the first one way valve configured to restrict fluid communication from the first exhaust port to the secondary air system. The engine also includes a second exhaust port in the cylinder head and a second one way valve coupled to the secondary air system, the second one way valve configured to restrict fluid communication from the second exhaust port to the secondary air system, wherein the first and second exhaust ports are in fluid communication with a turbocharger.

The invention relates to a secondary gas injection rection pressure sensor downstream leakage or block indentification algorithm. A control module and method for an exhaust system of an engine can include a secondary air intake (SAI) pressure module that monitors SAI pressure. An accumulation module can accumulate an SAI string length based on the monitored SAI pressure. A calculation module can determine an average SAI string length based on the accumulated SAI string length. A determination module can determine an operating characteristic of the vehicle exhaust based on the average SAI string length.