The present invention relates to a new crystal form of vilazodone hydrochloride. The 2θ angles of the crystal form on the powder X-ray diffraction pattern are 9.019±0.2°, 14.481±0.2°, 18.839±0.2°, 24.580±0.2°, There is a characteristic peak at 27.271±0.2°, and the relative intensity of the characteristic peak at the 2θ angle of 24.580±0.2° is 100%, the relative intensity of the characteristic peak at the 2θ angle of 18.839±0.2° is not less than 70%, and the 2θ angle is at 14.481±0.2 The relative intensity of the characteristic peak at ° is not less than 30%, the relative intensity of the characteristic peak at the 2θ angle of 9.019±0.2° is not less than 20%, and the relative intensity of the characteristic peak at the 2θ angle of 27.271±0.2° is not less than 18%. The invention also relates to a preparation method, a pharmaceutical composition and a medicine for treating depression of the vilazodone hydrochloride crystal form.