The invention relates to a dredging device, in particular to a river dredging device for a water conservancy project. The river dredging device for the water conservancy project can achieve accurate dredging and can prevent a dredge pump from being blocked. The river dredging device for the water conservancy project comprises a vehicle plate, a supporting column, a horizontal sliding rail, a horizontal sliding block, wheels, an inverted-L-shaped plate, a dredge pipe, a left bearing seat, a lead screw, a nut, a right bearing seat, a first crank and the like. The wheels are arranged at the bottom of the vehicle plate. The supporting column is arranged on the right side of the vehicle plate. A sludge collection box is mounted at the top of the supporting column. A first sludge discharging pipe is connected to the lower end of the right wall of the sludge collection box. A first valve is mounted on the first sludge discharging pipe. By adoption of the river dredging device for the water conservancy project, accurate dredging can be achieved, and blockage is prevented; and a steel rake of the drudge pump moves and rotates in deep sludge, so that the deep sludge is loosened, and thus thesludge can be sucked away by the dredge pipe more easily.