The invention relates to a device and method for accurately calculating input tax of a freight transport taxpayer. The device comprises at least one available 
wireless network, at least one transport vehicle provided with a vehicle-mounted tax printer, at least one terminal 
toll collector provided with a tax control reader-writer, at least one tax control IC card matched with the tax control reader-writer and a tax control 
server system, wherein the vehicle-mounted tax printer and the tax control 
server system are connected through the 
wireless network, and the tax control reader-writer and the terminal 
toll collector are connected through a standard 
data interface. According to the device and method for accurately calculating the input tax of the freight transport taxpayer, the input tax, such as the oil fee and road and bridge tolls, of the freight transport taxpayer is accurately calculated, the vehicle-mounted tax printer and the tax control reader-writer serve as nodes at the front end, 
data acquisition is achieved by using the IC card as a carrier, and coverage of a wide-area internet is achieved due to connection between the 
wireless network and the tax control 
server system at the rear end; on the basis, the purpose of accurately calculating the input tax of the freight transport taxpayer is achieved by acquiring various data and carrying out analysis and 
processing on the data.