The invention discloses a steel ingot reversing machine. The steel ingot reversing machine comprises a base, a rail body, groove wheels, aligning roller bearings, a connecting frame, a main shaft, driving bevel gears, driven bevel gears, transmitting shafts, spherical bases, thrust ball bearings, motors, self-aligning sliding bearings, a tray, roller ways, a supporting cover and a cover cap. The rail body is formed by a cylinder body and installing convex lugs arranged at the lower end of the inner wall of the cylinder body, the upper end face of the cylinder body is a convex arc face, a convex-arc-shaped annular rail is formed on the upper end face of the cylinder body, and the convex-arc-shaped annular rail is composed of two same-shape lower concave sections which are symmetric with respect to the axis of the cylinder body and two same-shape standard sections which are symmetric with respect to the axis of the cylinder body in an alternate manner; and the groove wheels are in circular ring shapes, the outer ring faces of the groove wheels are concave arc faces, and the concave arc faces are matched with the convex arc face on the upper end face of the cylinder body in the rail body. When the steel ingot reversing machine operates, stress of a transmitting system is balanced, the driven bevel gears can not shift vertically along with rotation of the main shaft, and jamming and off tracking of the groove wheels can be avoided.