80results about How to "Reduce X-ray dose" patented technology

Embodiments of methods and/or apparatus for 3-D volume image reconstruction of a subject, executed at least in part on a computer for use with a digital radiographic apparatus can obtain image data for 2-D projection images over a range of scan angles. For each of the plurality of projection images, an enhanced projection image can be generated. In embodiments of imaging apparatus, CBCT systems, and methods for operating the same can, through a de-noising application based on a different corresponding object, maintain image reconstruction characteristics (e.g., for a prescribed CBCT examination) while reducing exposure dose, reducing noise or increase a SNR while an exposure setting is unchanged.

There is provided a photostimulable phosphor according to formula (I)Ba1-x-y-p-3q-zSrxMy2+M2p1+M2q3+F2-a-bBraIb:zEuwherein: M1+ is at least one alkali metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs; M2+ is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ca Mg and Pb; M3+ is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga, In, Tl, Sb, Bi, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu; 0<x</=0.30, 0</=y</=0.10, 0</=p</=0.3, 0</=q</=0.1, 0.05</=a</=0.76, 0.20</=b</=0.90, a+b<1.00 and 10-6</=z</=0.2.

Raw cone beam tomography projection image data are taken from an object and are denoised by a wavelet domain denoising technique and at least one other denoising technique such as a digital reconstruction filter. The denoised projection image data are then reconstructed into the final tomography image using a cone beam reconstruction algorithm, such as Feldkamp's algorithm.

A spectrometer for detecting and quantifying elements in a sample. An exciter ionizes atoms in the sample, and the atoms thereby produce characteristic x-rays. A detector receives the x-rays and produces signals based on the x-rays. A filter system selectively blocks the x-rays from attaining the detector. The selective blocking of the x-rays is accomplished based on an energy of the x-rays. An analyzer receives the signals from the detector and detects and quantifies the elements in the sample based at least in part on the signals. In this manner, detector receives the light element x-rays, and the medium and heavy element x-rays are filtered out to avoid overwhelming the detector. This invention combines the large solid angle, high efficiency, and ability to measure the continuous background spectrum of the energy dispersive x-ray detector with the selectivity of the wavelength dispersive x-ray detector. It thus enables faster and more accurate measurement of light elements in thin films. This invention enhances the light element performance of a system by enabling higher throughput, lower e-beam and x-ray dose to the sample, and improved accuracy from the capability to measure the background radiation.

The present invention provides an X-ray CT apparatus capable of obtaining each tomographic image indicative of X-ray tube voltage dependent information of a subject with the optimum image quality by less reduced exposure. The X-ray CT apparatus includes device for setting a plurality of X-ray tube voltages and sets imaging conditions used in the photography using the respective X-ray tube voltages in such a manner that respective image noise of tomographic images photographed at the X-ray tube voltages become substantially identical to one another. The setting of the imaging conditions is the setting of X-ray tube currents. The X-ray tube currents are set based on geometrical characteristic amounts of the subject determined from each scout image in such a manner that the respective image noise of the tomographic images photographed at the plurality of X-ray tube voltages become substantially identical to one another.

The invention relates to a system for navigating a surgical instrument (1), comprising a processor configured for:

• • obtaining a first 3D medical image of a first volume (V1) of a patient's body, said first volume (V1) comprising a reference marker (M),
  • registering the first 3D image with said reference marker (M),
  • obtaining a second 3D medical image of a second volume (V2) of the patient's body, said second volume (V2) being different from the first volume (V1) and not containing the reference marker (M) in its entirety, said first and second 3D images being obtained by a single imaging device,
  • registering the second 3D medical image with the first 3D medical image,
  • obtaining a virtual position of the surgical instrument (1) with respect to the reference marker (M) from a tracking system,
  • determining a virtual position of the surgical instrument (1) with respect to the second 3D medical image.

The invention relates to a medical X-ray device 5 arrangement for producing three-dimensional information of an object 4 in a medical X-ray imaging medical X-ray device arrangement comprising an X-ray source 2 for X-radiating the object from different directions and a detector 6 for detecting the X-radiation to form projection data of the object 4. The medical X-ray device 5 arrangement comprises:

• • means 15 for modelling the object 4 mathematically independently of X-ray imaging
  • and means 15 for utilizing said projection data and said mathematical modelling of the object in Bayesian inversion based on Bayes' formula $p\text{(}xm)=\frac{p_{\mathrm{pr}}\left(x\right)p(mx)}{p\left(m\right)}$

to produce three-dimensional information of the object, the prior distribution p_pr(x) representing mathematical modelling of the object, the object image vector x, which comprise values of the X-ray attenuation coefficient inside the object, m representing projection data, the likelihood distribution p(m|x) representing the X-radiation attenuation model between the object image vector x and projection data m, p(m) being a normalization constant and the posteriori distribution p(x|m) representing the three-dimensional information of the object 4.

A CT imaging method and a CT system based on a multi-mode scout scan. The CT imaging method based on a multi-mode scout scan comprises: performing an instant switching dual energy scout radiation scan on a region of interest of a subject by way of instant switching between high voltage and low voltage to collect dual energy protection data of the region of interest; and reconstructing a material decomposition image and a mono-energetic image based on the collected dual energy projection data.

The present invention relates to a method and also an imaging system to compensate for patient motion when recording a series of images in medical imaging, in which a number of images of an area under examination of a patient (17) are recorded at intervals with an imaging system (1) and are related to one another. With the method a localization system (2) is used as the series of images are being recorded to permanently or at a time close to the recording of the individual images, record a momentary spatial location of the area under examination in a reference system permanently linked to the imaging system (1), a first spatial location of the area under examination recorded close to the time of recording of a first image is stored, and a deviation of the images recorded momentarily in each case of the first spatial location is determined and by changing the geometrical circumstances of the imaging system (1) at a time to close the recording of the spatial location and/or through geometrical adaptation of an image content of an image just recorded, is at least approximately commentated for, so that the images show the area under examination in the same position and orientation. The method does not require any time-consuming interaction with the operator and is also suitable for compensating for larger movements of the patient.

The invention discloses an X-ray computer tomography system, which comprises an X-ray tube, a collimator and a detector and is used for photographing a plurality of elliptical cross sections of an object to be detected in the scanning direction; the detector comprises a plurality of detector channels; the X-ray tube, the collimator and the detector synchronously rotate around the object to be detected; the collimator is provided with an adjustable opening; the X-ray computer tomography system also comprises a computation assembly and an adjustment assembly, wherein the computation assembly is used for computing opening widths of the collimator, which are required for irradiating each elliptical cross section, under different projection angles, and transmitting the opening widths to the adjustment assembly; and the adjustment assembly is used for adjusting the opening of the collimator according to the opening widths. The invention also discloses an X-ray computer tomography method. Due to adoption of the system and method disclosed by the invention, extra exposure of a surrounding area of the object to be detected can be reduced, and the X-ray dose accepted by a patient can be reduced.

A medical X-ray device 5 arrangement for producing three-dimensional information of an object 4 in a medical X-ray imaging comprises an X-ray source 2 for X-radiating the object from at least two different directions; a detector 6 for detecting the X-radiation to form projection data of the object 4; a computational device 15 for modelling the object 4 mathematically utilizing the projection data to solve the imaging geometry and/or the motion of the object, where the solving concerns either some or all parts of the imaging geometry and/or the motion of the object. The computational device 15 utilizes said projection data and said mathematical modelling of the object in Bayesian inversion based on Bayes' formula $p\left(x,\theta ❘m\right)=\frac{p_{\mathrm{pr}}\left(\theta \right)p_{\mathrm{pr}}\left(x\right)p\left(m❘x,\theta \right)}{p\left(m\right)}$

to produce three-dimensional information of the object.

In a method for x-ray imaging given a patient containing a subject to be represented during a shockwave treatment, an image data set containing the subject and a marker is generated at a first point in time; an x-ray image showing essentially only the subject (14) and the marker is acquired at a second point in time, the x-ray image is correctly spatially associated with the image data set using the marker, the x-ray image is displayed together with information extracted from the image data set during the shockwave treatment. An apparatus for x-ray imaging a patient containing a subject to be represented during a shockwave treatment has a memory for an image data set generated at a first point in time and containing the subject and a marker, an x-ray system for acquisition of an x-ray image showing essentially only the subject and the marker at a second point in time; an evaluation unit for spatially-accurate association of the x-ray image with the image data set using the marker and for extraction of information from the image data set, and a display unit for display of the x-ray image together with the information during the shockwave treatment.

The invention discloses a method and a system for controlling X-ray doses of a mammary machine. The method includes: subjecting targeted mammary glands different in nature to pre-exposure to obtain pre-exposure images and subjecting the pre-exposure images to analytical calculation to obtain the X-ray doses of the targeted mammary glands at different projection angles to ensure acquirement of the best shot images. Due to the fact that an X-ray dose value of each projection angle is best set and the final X-ray dose values are lowered, X-ray radiation effect upon a patient is effectively reduced, image quality is improved, clinical diagnosis is benefited, and doses values of X-ray radiation that the patient received are lowered.

An embodiment of the invention discloses a body surface location method. The body surface location method includes that a first image collector acquires a test point of the body surface; a first bed size is acquired, to be specific, the first bed size is s horizontal bed size corresponding to an intersection point of the upper surface, of a current bed, and a connecting line, of the first image collector and the test point of the body surface; a second image collector measures the vertical distance from the test point of the body surface to the upper surface of the bed; a second bed size is determined according to the first bed size; the vertical distance and a first inclined angle, to be specific, the second bed size is the horizontal bed size of the test point of the body surface, and the first inclined angle is between the connecting line, of the first image collector and the test point of the body surface, and a straight line, formed by projecting the connecting line to the upper surface of the bed; the test point of the body surface is located by the second bed size. An embodiment of the invention further discloses a body surface location system. By the use of the body surface location method and system, X-ray radiation which is caused by human body surface location and which brings damages to patients is avoided, health of the patients is improved, and X-ray dosage is reduced.

The invention proposes an X-ray detector with energy resolution, and a detection method of the X-ray detector. The detector sequentially comprises a front collection electrode, an N+ doped layer, an MAPbX3 perovskite monocrystalline active material layer for photoelectric conversion, a P+ doped layer and a rear collection electrode from the top to the bottom. The thickness of the MAPbX3 perovskitemonocrystalline active material layer is not less than 5mm. The front collection electrode is connected with the positive electrode of a detector power supply. The rear collection electrode is connected with the negative electrode of the detector power supply. The detection method comprises the steps: applying different reverse bias voltages to the detector in one X-ray exposure operation, and extracting the detection signal currents of X-ray photons with different energy values based on a corresponding algorithm according to the detection currents under different bias voltages. The detectorand method can achieve the beneficial effects that (1), the detector and method achieve the X-ray detection with the energy resolution capability and the image subtraction of X-ray photon imaging withdifferent energy values; (2), the detector and method just need one X-ray exposure operation, thereby reducing the dosage of X-ray on a patient; (3), the detector and method do not need an additionalcontrast agent, and reduce the toxic and side effect on the patient.