The invention relates to an oscillating spiral dry separator applied to the dry separation of fine coal and other fine minerals. The separator mainly comprises a spiral cylinder, an oscillating platform, an oscillating device, a spiral groove bed surface, a chute and a material inlet-outlet nozzle; a double motor is adopted to drive the spiral groove surface to generate the combine movement of oscillation and twisting, and the defects of the current fine coal dry separation are overcome; the generated shearing force separates conglutinated gangue and coal particles between particles and creates the preconditions for density separation; because the spiral groove surface has a radius inclination angle with high outside and low inside, the particles are under the action of inertia force, torsional force, gravitation, friction force and wind force, materials move towards the inner side of the spiral groove while moving upwards along the spiral groove, so that layering and zoning are achieved according to different densities, and therefore, the separation is realized. The equipment has simple structure, novel design conception, stable and reliable separation, significant effect of energy saving and consumption reduction, good separation effect and wide practicality.