The invention discloses a cabinet door locking device with an emergency opening function, comprising a lockset and a cabinet door locking/unlocking device, wherein the lockset comprises a lock body and a locking dog locked/unlocked with the lock body; the cabinet door locking/unlocking device comprises an external locking/unlocking device and an emergency unlocking device; the external locking/unlocking device comprises an external handle, a linking arm, a linking plate, a latch fixed plate and a lockset elastic pre-locking device; a rotating shaft of the external handle, the linking arm, the linking plate, the latch fixed plate and the lockset elastic pre-locking device are connected in a linking manner; the emergency unlocking device comprises a circular lining plate, a square linking plate, an emergency rotating shaft, a rotating shaft driving device and a connecting tension spring in a linking manner; and the rotating shaft driving device, the emergency rotating shaft, the square linking plate, the circular linking plate, the connecting tension spring and the lockset elastic pre-closing device are connected in a linking manner. Therefore, with the scheme, the emergency opening of the cabinet door can be realized by using the emergency unlocking device and the phenomenon that the cabinet door cannot be opened due to the self-locking of the lockset can be avoided.